超高温硅化物涂层应用进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: WEI Taotao; DONG Lin; YANG Guanjun; LIU Meijun; State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China

Keywords:: Silicide coating; ultra-high temperature service; antioxidant mechanism; composite coating; modification

摘要:: 超高温硅化物涂层由于具有良好的高温抗氧化能力，目前已广泛应用于高温服役构件，如航空器、航天器、火箭、导弹等。但由于服役时间和温度的增长，硅化物涂层抗氧化性能逐渐下降并最终发生失效。本文概述了硅化物涂层的体系、制备方法、失效机制和改性方法的研究进展。硅化物涂层体系可分为Si-Cr-X基硅化物涂层体系和难熔金属硅化物涂层体系。制备方法多样，常用的为料浆烧结法和包埋渗法。失效机制主要为氧化、热膨胀系数不匹配和热扩散，可以采用多组元设计、多层梯度结构设计和多种制备方法组合优化对涂层进行改性。新一代航空器要求其高温部件能在超高温（≥1800 ℃）下长时间服役，但目前的硅化物涂层难以满足该条件。因此未来发展方向为研制超高温条件下服役的复合硅化物涂层。

Abstract:: Ultra-high temperature silicide coating has been widely used in high-temperature service components, such as aircraft, spacecraft, rockets, missiles and so on, due to its excellent oxidation resistance at high temperature. However, with the increase of service time and temperature, the oxidation resistance of silicide coating decreases and eventually leads to its failure. In this paper, the research progress of silicide coating systems, preparation methods, failure mechanism and modification methods are reviewed. Silicide coating system can be divided into Si-Cr-X based silicide coating system and refractory metal silicide coating system. Various preparation methods, commonly used for slurry sintering method and powder infiltration method. The failure mechanism is mainly oxidation, thermal expansion coefficient mismatch and thermal diffusion. The coating can be modified by multi-component design, multi-layer gradient structure design and optimization of multiple preparation methods. The new generation of aircraft requires its high-temperature components to be able to serve for a long time at ultra-high temperature (≥1800 ℃), but the current silicide coating cannot meet this condition. Therefore, the future development direction is to develop composite silicide coating for service under ultra-high temperature conditions.