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中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:

45

期数:

2026年06

页码:

010-19

栏目:

出版日期:

2026-05-31

文章信息/Info

Title:

Research Progress on Degradable Drug-Eluting Embolic Microspheres

作者:

郭琼玉; 黄霭淘

南方科技大学，广东 深圳 518055

Author(s):

GUO Qiongyu; HUANG Aitao

Southern University of Science and Technology，Shenzhen 518055，China

关键词:

经导管动脉化疗栓塞; 可降解栓塞微球; 药物负载; 药物释放; 微流控; 材料设计

Keywords:

Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization;  Degradable embolic microspheres;  Drug loading;  Drug release;  Microfluidics;  Material design

分类号:

R318.08；TB324

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

载药微球是介入栓塞治疗中常用的栓塞剂，能够阻断肿瘤供血并局部释放高浓度药物治疗实体恶性肿瘤。然而，当前应用于临床的药物洗脱载药微球多采用不可降解的聚乙烯醇材料，存在长期残留、炎症反应以及重复治疗受限等问题。因此，基于可降解材料的载药微球近年来成为该领域的研究热点之一。本文系统综述了可降解载药微球的研究进展，重点关注其材料设计、药物负载方式、多功能集成策略、制备工艺和体内外性能表现。对于可降解材料，从水解与酶促降解等主要机制出发，总结了一系列典型高分子材料的结构调控方法与降解行为。在药物递送方面，阐述了不同理化性质的药物与载体材料之间的相互作用机制。微球的多功能集成方向主要包括显影、形状记忆与热效应等，而乳化法、微流控以及电喷雾法等制备工艺则为其粒径控制与结构设计提供了重要支撑。体内外研究表明，此类微球具备良好的栓塞稳定性、可控降解行为和显著的抗肿瘤效果。最后，对可降解载药微球的未来发展方向作出了展望。

Abstract:

Drug-eluting microspheres are widely used embolic agents in interventional embolization therapy, capable of blocking tumor blood supply while locally releasing high concentrations of therapeutic agents for the treatment of solid malignancies. However, most clinically available drug-eluting microspheres are based on non-degradable poly(vinyl alcohol) materials, which are associated with long-term persistence, inflammatory responses, and limitations on repeated treatment. Consequently, drug-eluting microspheres fabricated from biodegradable materials have emerged in recent years as a major research focus in this field. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in biodegradable drug-eluting microspheres, with an emphasis on material design, drug-loading strategies, multifunctional integration, fabrication techniques, and in vitro and in vivo performance. With respect to biodegradable materials,major degradation mechanisms including hydrolytic and enzymatic degradation are discussed, along with structure-property regulation strategies and degradation behaviors of representative polymer systems. In terms of drug delivery, the interaction mechanisms between drugs with different physicochemical properties and carrier materials are elucidated. The multifunctional integration of microspheres mainly involves imaging capability, shape-memory properties, and thermal effects, while fabrication approaches such as emulsification,microfluidics, and electrospraying provide critical support for particle size control and structural design. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that these microspheres can achieve favorable embolization stability, controllable degradation behavior, and significant antitumor efficacy. Finally, future perspectives and developmental directions for biodegradable drug-eluting microspheres are discussed.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-05-14