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中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:

45

期数:

2026年09

页码:

010-19

栏目:

出版日期:

2026-08-31

文章信息/Info

Title:

Atomic Manufacturing and Structure-Property Regulation of Two-Dimensional Metallenes

作者:

张学品 高天意 崔小强

吉林大学 材料科学与工程学院，吉林 长春 130012

Author(s):

ZHANG Xuepin;  GAO Tianyi;  CUI Xiaoqiang

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, China

关键词:

金属烯; 原子制造; 结构-性能关系; 电子结构调控; 二维金属; 电催化

Keywords:

metallenes;  atomic manufacturing;  structure-property relationships;  electronic structure regulation;  hydrogenation engineering;  energy catalysis

分类号:

TQ15

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

金属烯作为由金属原子构成的超薄二维材料，因其高度暴露的表面原子、显著的二维限域效应及可调电子结构，成为研究催化材料原子级结构-性能关系的理想模型体系。随着原子级精准制造、原位表征与理论计算方法的快速发展，金属烯研究已由早期的材料构筑逐步转向以原子级电子结构调控为核心的理性设计阶段。区别于已有主要聚焦于金属烯合成、超薄金属纳米片结构特征或二维金属催化应用的综述，本文以“原子制造”为主线，围绕“调控策略-电子结构演化-中间体吸附行为-催化性能响应”的内在关联，系统梳理了二维金属烯催化剂的构效关系框架。重点总结了氢化、掺杂与合金化、应变、界面、相变及缺陷等六类原子制造策略，阐明其在调节局域配位环境、晶格结构、电荷分布及表面反应微环境中的作用机制，并进一步归纳不同调控维度对关键反应中间体吸附能、反应路径、动力学过程及结构稳定性的共性影响规律。本文指出，不同原子制造策略虽具有差异化调控方式，但其本质均可归结为对电子结构、中间体吸附行为及表面反应动力学的精准调控，从而实现催化活性、选择性与稳定性的协同优化。在此基础上，进一步讨论了金属烯在结构动态演化、构效关系定量化及可预测构筑等方面面临的关键挑战，并展望其在机制驱动催化设计与新型二维金属材料精准原子制造中的发展前景。

Abstract:

Metallenes, as ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) materials composed of metal atoms, have emerged as ideal model systems for probing atomic-level structure-property relationships, owing to their highly exposed surface atoms, pronounced 2D confinement effects, and tunable electronic structures. Driven by the rapid advancements in atomic-scale precision manufacturing, in situ characterization, and theoretical computation, metallene research has progressively shifted from early-stage structural construction toward a phase of rational design centered on atomic-level electronic structure regulation. Distinct from existing reviews that predominantly focus on metallene synthesis, structural characteristics of ultrathin metal nanosheets, or 2D metallic catalytic applications, this review takes "atomic manufacturing" as the primary thread to systematically delineate a unified structure-property relationship framework for 2D metallene catalysts, which is built upon the interconnected lineage of manipulation strategies, electronic structure evolution, intermediate adsorption behaviors, and catalytic performance responses. Specifically, six major atomic manufacturing strategies comprising hydrogenation, doping/alloying, strain, interface, phase transition, and defect engineering are highlighted to elucidate their regulatory mechanisms on local coordination environments, lattice structures, charge distributions, and surface reaction microenvironments. Furthermore, the common regulatory patterns regarding how these different dimensions influence the adsorption energies of key reaction intermediates, reaction pathways, kinetic processes, and structural stability are summarized. This review points out that although different atomic manufacturing strategies possess distinct manipulation modalities, their essence converges on the precise control of electronic structures, intermediate adsorption behaviors, and surface reaction kinetics, thereby achieving the synergistic optimization of catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability. On this basis, critical challenges facing metallenes in terms of the dynamic structural evolution, quantitative structure-property correlations, and predictable construction are discussed, along with a forward-looking perspective on their future development directions in mechanism-driven catalytic design and the precise atomic manufacturing of novel 2D metallic materials.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-07-31