[1]吴学邦,解雪峰,王慧,等.聚变堆第一壁钨材料的强韧化与抗热冲击性能研究进展[J].中国材料进展,2026,45(11):090-99.
　WU Xuebang,XIE Xuefeng,WANG Hui,et al.Research Progress on Strengthening, Toughening, and Thermal Shock Resistance of Tungsten-Based Materials for the First-Wall of Fusion Reactors[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2026,45(11):090-99.
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聚变堆第一壁钨材料的强韧化与抗热冲击性能研究进展()

中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
45
期数:
2026年11
页码:
090-99
栏目:
出版日期:
2026-10-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research Progress on Strengthening, Toughening, and Thermal Shock Resistance of Tungsten-Based Materials for the First-Wall of Fusion Reactors
作者:
吴学邦; 解雪峰; 王慧; 谢卓明; 刘瑞
中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院，固体物理研究所，安徽 合肥 230031
Author(s):
WU Xuebang;  XIE Xuefeng;  WANG Hui;  XIE Zhuoming;  LIU Rui
Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
关键词:
钨合金; 聚变堆; 第一壁材料; 热疲劳; 强韧化
Keywords:
Tungsten alloys;  Fusion reactor;  First-wall materials;  Thermal fatigue; Strengthening and toughening
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
金属钨因其高熔点、高热导率、低溅射率以及低氚滞留等优异性能，被认为是未来核聚变装置最具应用潜力的第一壁材料。然而，钨材料的本征低温脆性、高温再结晶脆性与辐照脆化等问题，严重制约了其在聚变堆极端服役环境中的工程应用。近年来，合金化、第二相弥散强化以及热机械加工等微结构调控策略被广泛用于改善钨材料的强韧性与服役性能。通过构建多级晶粒组态、引入稳定纳米弥散第二相以及优化颗粒/基体界面结构，有望协同提升钨合金强韧性与抗热冲击性能。本文综述了聚变堆第一壁用钨基材料的研究进展，重点围绕本团队近年在多级微结构锻造纯钨、TiC弥散强化钨合金、核壳ZrO2@WO3颗粒改性钨合金方面的研究进展，阐述了“多尺度微结构构筑颗粒/相界面稳定化”协同强韧化策略；进一步结合瞬态热冲击、循环热疲劳与工程模块实验，分析了极端热负荷下钨基材料的损伤演化行为与失效机制。最后，总结当前聚变堆钨基材料面临的关键科学问题与工程挑战，并对高性能第一壁材料的发展方向进行展望。
Abstract:
Tungsten (W), owing to its high melting point, high thermal conductivity, low sputtering yield, and low tritium retention, is considered one of the most candidate materials for the first-wall of future nuclear fusion devices. However, its intrinsic low-temperature brittleness, recrystallization-induced embrittlement at elevated temperatures, and irradiation embrittlement severely limit its engineering application under the extreme service conditions of fusion reactors. In recent years, various microstructure regulation strategies, including alloying, second-phase dispersion strengthening, and thermomechanical processing, have been extensively employed to improve the strength, toughness, and service performance of W materials. The synergistic enhancement of mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance can be expected by the construction of hierarchical grain structures, incorporation of stable nanoscale dispersed phases, and optimization of particle/matrix interfaces. This review summarizes recent advances in W-based materials, with particular emphasis on our recent advances in hierarchical microstructure-engineered forged pure W, TiC dispersion-strengthened W alloys, and ZrO2@WO3 core-shell particle-modified W alloys. A synergistic strengthening and toughening strategy based on “multiscale microstructure engineering-particle/interface stabilization” is discussed. Furthermore, combined with transient thermal shock, cyclic thermal fatigue, and engineering-scale module experiments, the damage evolution and failure mechanisms of W-based materials under extreme thermal loading are analyzed. Finally, the key scientific issues and engineering challenges of W-based first-wall materials are summarized, and future development directions for high-performance first-wall materials are discussed.
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-09-28