[1]杜红梅,张增志.自调节土壤湿度的水分子控释复合导水材料[J].中国材料进展,2017,(11):001-6.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.11.01]
 DU Hongmei,ZHANG Zengzhi.Water-conducting Composite Material and its Self-adjusting Effect on Soil Moisture[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2017,(11):001-6.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.11.01]
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自调节土壤湿度的水分子控释复合导水材料
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中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
期数:
2017年第11期
页码:
001-6
栏目:
特约研究论文
出版日期:
2017-11-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Water-conducting Composite Material and its Self-adjusting Effect on Soil Moisture
作者:
杜红梅张增志
中国矿业大学(北京)生态功能材料研究所
Author(s):
DU Hongmei ZHANG Zengzhi
Research Institute of Ecological and Functional Material, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing
关键词:
土地荒漠化节水造林 复合涂层 水势梯度 导水机理
Keywords:
desertification water saving and afforestation composite coating water potential gradient water-conducting mechanism
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.11.01
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
制备了一种用于荒漠化地区节水造林的水分子渗灌复合导水材料。该材料采用分子渗水的方式进行供水,大大节省了水资源,实现了水分的最有效利用。采用红外光谱方法研究了复合材料的官能团变化;采用SEM和ESEM分析了材料的微观结构和不同水势下的动态行为;通过导水能力试验测定得到了材料的l-t曲线;通过不同温度/湿度下的失水率/含水率试验得到了材料在外界条件变化下的导水规律。最后对复合导水涂层材料的动态导水机理进行了分析和讨论。结果表明:复合材料的导水速率随着材料中蒙脱石含量的增加而增大。通过调节蒙脱石与聚丙烯酰胺的配比可调整材料的导水速度。材料的导水速度随外界温度的升高而增大,随着外界湿度的增加而减小。导水涂层材料的导水机制与水势及水势梯度密切相关。在高水势下,蒙脱石颗粒断桥,水分由聚丙烯酰胺传导,导水速度慢;在低水势下,蒙脱石颗粒桥接,水分经蒙脱石颗粒间的导水通道传导,导水速度快。沿着导水涂层纤维,形成了水势梯度差,水分从高水势向低水势进行自发传导。
Abstract:
A kind of infiltration composite material used in desertification areas is developed. It supplies water in the way of molecular penetration, which makes the utilization of water resource to be most effective. The FTIR was used to study the changes of functional groups. The SEM and ESEM were used to analyze the composite coating’s microstructure, and its dynamic behavior under different water potential was also studied. The l-t curves and water-conducting pattern was obtained by the water-conducting experiment. Finally, the dynamic water-conducting mechanism of the composite material was studied. The results showed that the water-conducting rate had a positively correlation with the montmorillonite content. The rate can be regulated by adjusting the mass ratio of polyacrylamide and montmorillonite. The rate was increased with increasing temperature and decreasing soil moisture. The water-conducting mechanism of the composite material was closely related to the water potential gradient. The high water potential was formed at the swelling end of polyacrylamide and the low water potential was formed at the end of connected MMT particles with polyacrylamide unswollen. When the coating was at low water potential, the montmorillonite particles connected and water was conducted quickly via montmorillonite layers, whereas when the coating was at high water potential, the montmorillonite particles disconnected and water was conducted slowly via the swelled polyacrylamide structure. The water gradient was generated along the coated fiber, thus water was conducted spontaneously.
更新日期/Last Update: 2017-10-27