电流变液智能材料的研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: LIANG Yudai; XU Zhichao; YUAN Xin; WU Jinbo; WEN Weijia; Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China

Keywords:: electrorheological fluid; giant electrorheological fluid; continuous phase; disperse phase; additive

摘要:: 电流变液是一种电响应智能材料，由微纳米尺寸的介电颗粒分散在绝缘油中组成。从发现到现在的70余年中，虽然出现了种类繁多的电流变液，但是由于存在力学性能、沉降性能、再分散性能、零场粘度和电流密度等方面的问题，制约了电流变液在实际工业中的应用。巨电流变液的出现在一定程度上推进了电流变液的发展，但距离实现真正的工业化还有一些问题有待解决。本文主要从电流变液分散相，连续相和添加剂三方面介绍了近期的研究成果，着重介绍了近期出现的四类具有代表性的颗粒。并简单总结了电流变液的应用方向和前景，以及研究现状和未来发展方向。

Abstract:: Electrorheological(ER) fluid is an electrical response intelligent material composed of micro/nano dielectric particles dispersed in insulating oil. In the past 70 years since the discovery of ER fluids, a great variety of ER fluids have emerged, but its application in practical industries have been restricted due to problems in mechanical properties, sedimentation properties, redispersibility, zero field viscosity and current density. The emergence of giant electrorheological (GER) fluids has promoted the development of ER fluids to a certain extent, but there are still some problems to be solved in realizing real industrialization. In this paper, recent research results are introduced from three aspects: dispersed phase, continuous phase and additive.The four types of representative particles appearing recently are highlighted. The application direction and prospect, as well as the research status and future development direction of ER fluid are briefly summarized.