电子束冷床熔炼的应用现状-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

作者:: 冯寅楠1; 闫鹏2; 贾国斌3; （1. 有研科技集团有限公司，北京 100088）（2. 中航国际物流有限公司，北京 100027）（3. 国标（北京）检验认证有限公司，北京 100088）

Author(s):: FENG Yinnan1; YAN Peng2; JIA Guobin3; (1. GRINM Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China) (2. AVIC International Logistics Co., Ltd., Beijing 100027, China) (3. Guobiao (Beijing) Testing & Certification Co., Ltd., Beijing 100088, China)

Keywords:: electron beam cold hearth melting; application status; titanium; nickel; polysilicon

摘要:: 电子束冷床熔炼（EBCHM）技术是材料冶金领域的新兴技术之一，在航空工业和国防科技中发挥着重要作用。简述了EBCHM技术的原理，探讨了EBCHM设备核心部件电子枪和冷床的发展历程。介绍了国内外近年来EBCHM在多个材料领域的最新研究和实际生产现状，重点追踪了在难熔金属钛、钒，高温合金镍和太阳能级多晶硅等材料的熔炼和提纯中如何控制EBCHM工艺以达到使原材料去除杂质、无偏析、成分均匀的目的。比较了国内外EBCHM技术的发展和设备熔炼能力现状。最后结合国家发展需求对EBCHM技术的发展趋势进行了展望，为今后在工业中能更好地应用EBCHM技术提供参考。

Abstract:: Electron beam cold hearth melting (EBCHM) is one of the newest technologies in the field of material metallurgy and plays an important role in aviation industry and national defense technology. In this paper, the principle of EBCHM technology is described, and the development of electron gun and cold hearth of EBCHM equipment are discussed. The latest research and production status applied in the fields of materials in recent years are reviewed, especially the methods to control EBCHM process in the smelting and refining of refractory metals such as titanium and vanadium, superalloy nickel and solar polycrystalline silicon in order to remove impurities, avoid segregation and homogenize composition are introduced. The research status and melting capacity in China are compared with that in other countries. Finally, the tendency combined with national demand of EBCHM is also prospected, so as to provide reference for further industrial application of EBCHM in the future.