镁合金中的第二相颗粒强化-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

作者:: 曾小勤1; 2; 朱庆春1; 2; 李扬欣1; 2; 丁文江1; 2; （1. 上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院轻合金精密成型国家工程研究中心，上海 200240）
（2. 上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院金属基复合材料国家重点实验室，上海 200240）

Author(s):: ZENG Xiaoqin1; 2; ZHU Qingchun1; 2; LI Yangxin1; 2; DING Wenjiang1; 2; （1. National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming，School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240，China）
（2. State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites，School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240，China)

Keywords:: magnesium alloy; second phase; age-hardening; long period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase; Mg-based reinforcement

摘要:: 镁合金作为最为轻质的金属结构材料，广泛应用于航空航天、汽车工业以及数码电子产品等领域。相比于钢铁和铝合金，镁合金目前的强化手段有限，因此镁合金中的第二相强化就显得尤为重要。通过总结不同体系镁合金中第二相（包括时效析出相、长周期堆垛有序LPSO相和镁基合金中的增强体）的组织特点、强化效果及其强化机制发现：① 非稀土系镁合金主要依靠析出相强化；② 稀土系镁合金有效强化第二相比非稀土系镁合金多；③ 增强体的强化效果取决于其自身的成分、形貌、尺寸以及和基体的结合能力等因素。未来镁合金第二相强化的研究可重点关注以下几个方向：① 新型纳米强化相的引入；② LPSO相和多种析出相的协调强化作用；③ 优质廉价镁基增强体的设计。

Abstract:: As the lightest structural metals, magnesium alloys have been widely used in fields of aerospace, automotive industry and digital electronic products. Compared with steels and aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys exhibit limited strengthening methods, so the second phase strengthening in magnesium alloys becomes particularly important. In this review paper, microstructure, strengthening effect as well as strengthening mechanism of the second phases (including aged precipitates, long-period stacking ordered (LPSO) phase and reinforcements in Mg-based alloy) in different magnesium systems are summarized as follows: ① in RE-free magnesium alloys, the most effective strengthening phases are mainly formed during ageing; ② Mg-RE based alloys show more options of strengthening second phases, as compared with RE-free magnesium alloys; ③ the strengthening effect of reinforcement depends on its own composition, morphology, size and bonding ability with the α-Mg matrix. In future, the research on the second phase strengthening in magnesium alloys should be focused on the following aspects: ① the introduction of advanced nano-strengthening phases; ② the manipulation of synergistic strengthening effect of the LPSO phase and other precipitates; ③ the design of inexpensive magnesium-based reinforcements.