钢铁材料中第二相颗粒强韧化的研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Research Progress on Second Phase Strengthening and Toughening of Advanced Steels

Author(s):: WANG Zhou; LI Yizhuang; HE Binbin; HUANG Mingxin; (Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China)
(Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518000, China)

Keywords:: second phase particles; strengthening and toughening; automotive steels for weight lightening; ultra-high strength maraging steels; fission and fusion reactor steels; high modulus steels

摘要:: 第二相颗粒是钢材强韧化的重要方法，可以同时兼顾钢材的强度、韧性以及其他服役性能。随着近年来对钢材强度要求的提高，研究人员开发出了一大批新型钢铁材料，第二相颗粒强韧化在这些新型钢材中亦发挥了重要作用。但与此同时，在这些新型钢铁材料中，第二相颗粒强韧化也面临着诸多挑战与机遇：纳米尺度颗粒的表征与调控、第二相颗粒与多相微观组织的相互作用以及钢材服役性能的优化等等。通过汽车轻量化用钢、超高强度马氏体时效钢、核反应堆用钢、高模量钢等不同钢材，总结了第二相颗粒对新型钢铁材料的强度、韧性、焊接性、成形性、抗氢致延迟断裂、蠕变、抗辐射损伤等性能的影响，并结合这些新型钢铁材料独特的微观组织、制备工艺、服役环境等特点，分析了其第二相颗粒强韧化的机理以及尚待解决的问题，旨在为钢中第二相颗粒强韧化领域的进一步研究与发展提供参考。

Abstract:: Second phase strengthening plays an important role in the strengthening and toughening of steels, which could improve simultaneously strength, toughness as well as other in-use properties. Recently, with the increasing demands for higher strength steels, second phase strengthening has been utilized in many newly-developed steels to improve strength and toughness. Despite the promising properties, second phase strengthening should overcome many difficulties in those advanced steels before practical application. Among these challenges are nanoscale characterization and control, interaction between multiphase structure and second phase particles, and optimization of in-use properties. This review focuses on the second phase strengthening and their influences on the strength, toughness, weldability, formability, delayed fracture resistance, creep strength and irradiation resistance of advanced steels. In particular, automotive steels for weight lightening, ultra-high strength maraging steels, fission and fusion reactor steels and high modulus steels are discussed here. Based on the special microstructures, manufacture techniques and applications of the different advanced steels, the strengthening and toughening mechanisms are analyzed, and the research gaps are proposed. The aim of this review is to provide a reference for further research and development of advanced steels with second phase strengthening.