金属材料的石墨烯强韧化-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Strengthening and Toughening of Graphene-Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites

Author(s):: GUO Qiang; ZHAO Lei; LI Zan; LI Zhiqiang; XIONG Dingbang; ZHANG Di; (State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China)

Keywords:: metal matrix composite; graphene; mechanical behavior; strengthening and toughening; deformation mechanism

摘要:: 石墨烯材料以其优异的本征力学性能，被认为是新一代金属基复合材料中理想的增强体。特别是，由于调控石墨烯内禀缺陷的种类和含量可以较为简便地实现对其本征力学性能的精确“剪裁”，使得石墨烯增强金属基复合材料具有广阔的发展空间。综述了近年来石墨烯增强金属基复合材料制备工艺与结构-性能关系的研究进展，并聚焦于石墨烯/金属之间界面的结构与性能。这不仅是因为在复合材料使役时，外加载荷是通过复合界面传递到石墨烯增强体的（即“承载效应”），也因为随着石墨烯的加入，在复合材料变形过程中石墨烯和金属基体内的位错发生复杂的相互作用，改变或影响了基体的变形机制，导致了额外的强韧化效果。最后，展望了石墨烯增强金属基复合材料的发展趋势，指出需要发展宏量制备工艺，并深入研究实际使役条件下复合材料的力学行为和性能响应机制。

Abstract:: Graphene and its derivatives are regarded as promising reinforcing agents in the metal matrix because of their excellent intrinsic mechanical properties. Considering the availability of graphene with various types, defect states and intrinsic properties, there exists a large space in tailoring the mechanical behavior of graphene reinforced metal matrix composites. This article reviews the recent developments on the processing and structure-property correlations of these composites. Particular emphasis is given to the structure and properties of the graphene/metal interfaces, as the external mechanical load is transferred between nanocarbon and the metal matrix across their interfaces. Moreover, in addition to the intuitive load-bearing effect of graphene, a copious interplay between graphene and dislocations in the metal matrix has been found, which alters the deformation mechanism and leads to additional strengthening. To meet the requirements of structural applications, scalable fabrication routes for the graphene/metal composites should be developed and the study on the mechanical behavior under real service conditions is to be carried out.