j.issn.1674-3962.2019.05.08]
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黑色素的结构、性质及其在纳米复合材料领域的应用
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中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

Title:: Structure and Properties of Melanin and Its Application in Nanocomposites

Author(s):: WANG Yang; DONG Weifu; (School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China)

Keywords:: melanin; polydopamine; surface modification; mechanism; composites

摘要:: 黑色素是结构单元中含有酚羟基、氨基和亚氨基的一类大分子，其主要成分为聚多巴胺，具有光保护、捕获自由基以及光热转换等功能，且拥有极强的粘附性，可以粘附在几乎一切材料表面。同时，黑色素中活性基团可作为活性位点与目标分子反应，因此较易实现对基材的表面修饰。黑色素可分为天然黑色素和人工合成类黑色素，天然黑色素可从动植物中提取，类黑色素由生物发酵或化学合成获得。虽然它们的结构存在差异，但它们具有类似的物理化学性质。从黑色素的结构、合成及形成机制、性质以及在纳米复合材料中的应用等方面进行了综述。

Abstract:: Melanin, a well-known macromolecule that is widely distributed in many parts of nature. Polydopamine is also a major pigment of naturally occurring melanin (eumelanin). As a kind of macromolecule containing a constitutional unit with catechol, amine, and imine. Melanin can scavenge radical, absorb ultraviolet rays and exhibits excellent photoprotective, adhesive properties, and photothermal conversion ability. Various substrates could be successfully functionalized with melanin. The functional groups on melanin can serve as both the starting points for covalent modification with desired molecules, so it is easy to modify the surface of diverse materials. There are two methods to prepare melanin models: natural melanin model and synthetic melaninlike model. The natural melanin model has been obtained from a biological source. The synthetic melaninlike model is obtained by chemical oxidation of dopamine or enzymatic oxidation of precursor molecules. Both natural melanin and melaninlike pigment show similar physical and chemical properties. In this paper, the structure and the mechanism of melanin formation, and the application of melanin in composites material are reviewed.

备注/Memo:: 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（51373070）
第一作者：汪洋，男，1987年生，博士研究生
通信作者：东为富，男，1976年生，教授，博士生导师，Email: wfdong@jiangnan.edu.cn

东为富：男，1976年生，江南大学教授、博士生导师。兼任中国塑料加工协会专家委员、中国包装联合会塑料包装专家委员、中国生物医学工程学会生物材料分会会员，《塑料包装》副主编，《上海塑料》、《橡塑技术与装备》、《弹性体》编委。主要研究方向为高分子材料共混改性、生物可降解高分子材料、聚合物纳米复合材料及高分子包装材料。发表科研论文70余篇。申请专利40余项，已授权20余项。教育部新世纪优秀人才、江苏省“333工程”培养对象。

更新日期/Last Update: 2019-04-30