共价有机框架在锂硫电池中的应用-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Application of Covalent Organic Frameworks in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries

作者:: 路丙毅1; 2; 贾超2; 江国防1; 赵新2; （1. 湖南大学化学化工学院，湖南长沙 410082）（2. 中国科学院上海有机化学研究所中国科学院有机功能分子合成与组装重点实验室，上海 200032）

Author(s):: LU Bingyi1; 2; JIA Chao2; JIANG Guofang1; ZHAO Xin2; (1.College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China) (2.CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Self-Assembly Chemistry for Organic Functional Molecules, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China)

Keywords:: covalent organic frameworks; lithium-sulfur batteries; cathode; separator; anode

摘要:: 共价有机框架（covalent organic frameworks，COFs）是一种由轻质元素组成的晶态有机多孔聚合物，具有低密度、大比表面积、高孔隙率、良好的物理和化学稳定性、规整的纳米孔道以及强的结构可设计性等优点，在很多领域如气体的吸附与分离、催化、传感、光电等方面展现出很大的应用潜力。近年来COFs在能源转化与储存领域也受到较多关注，锂硫（Li-S）电池因其低成本和高理论能量密度等优势，在储能系统方面具有广阔的应用前景。然而这一新型二次电池仍存在一些亟需解决的问题，如多硫化物的穿梭效应、锂枝晶的生长等，这些问题造成锂硫电池库仑效率低、循环稳定性差等不足，阻碍了其实际应用。近年来，基于COFs的结构特点，研究者们设计合成了多种多样的COFs应用于锂硫电池，COFs材料的使用有效提高了锂硫电池的性能。主要综述了COFs在锂硫电池的正极、隔膜以及负极材料中的应用研究进展，并对其未来的发展进行了展望。

Abstract:: Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are a class of crystalline porous organic polymers composed of light elements. They have advantages of low density, large specific surface area, high porosity, good physical and chemical stability, well-ordered nanochannels, and strong structural designability, which endow them with versatile applications in many fields such as gas adsorption and separation, catalysis, sensing, optoelectronics, etc.In recent years, COFs have drawn considerable attention of researchers in the field of energy conversion and storage. Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have great application potentials in energy storage systems due to their low cost and high theoretical energy density. However, this emerging type of rechargeable batteries still face some problems such as the shuttle effect of polysulfides and the growth of lithium dendrites which result in low coulombic efficiency and poor cycle stability of Li-S batteries and thus impede their practical application. Thanks to structural advantages of COFs, recent researchers have designed and synthesized a variety of COFs to be used in Li-S batteries, which have effectively improved the performance of Li-S batteries. This review article mainly focuses on the progress of COFs as functional materials for Li-S batteries cathodes, separators and anodes. Prospects for their development in this area have also been discussed.