College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China Key Laboratory of Colloids and Surfaces, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100082, China
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Abstract:
Bio synthesis of nano crystal has particular characters such as bio optical, electrical, photochemical and other properties, which have opened up new fields in application of nanomaterials. Biosynthesis of nanocrystals mainly uses biological molecules, microbes, plants and their extracts as coat in the reduction system. There are more advantages of biosynthetic nanoparticles such as a wide source of raw materials, mild reaction conditions, nonagglomerated nanoparticles, and less toxic byproducts. Biosynthesis of nanocrystal is to add biological molecules (microbes such as fungi, microzyme , actinomyceto, bacterium, plants and their extracts) as coat into the synthesis system, as the biological molecules can absorb on the surface of the nanoparticles to keep off congregation, and can endow them with biocompatibility for application in biomedicine and foodstuff detection. Methods for biosynthesis of nanocrystal using microorganism, plants and their extracts have been reviewed, and features of nanocrystals synthesized by different biological reduction processes have been summarized and forecasted, based on domestic and foreign research literature on nanocrystal synthesis, in the hope of giving references to study on biosynthesis of nanocrystal.