The fabrication of substrates with strong surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity is one of the most important research focuses. The researches play an important role in exploring the applications of SERS. In this review article four simple and novel approaches for fabricating 3D micro-/nano-substrates have been demonstrated and the obtained SERS-active substrates have great advantages, such as high repeatability, good stability, and large enhancement factors.1. Rolled-up microtubes: the diameter of the microtube can be adjusted, and the SERS signal is stable. 2. Micro-/nano-structures fabricated by using porous anodic alumina templates: the Raman signal presents excellent uniformity. 3. Composite structures which combine nanoparticles with nanowires/nanorods: There are more “hot spots” and large specific surface area for absorbing molecules. 4. Micro/nano-structures produced using butterfly wings as templates: The substrates have high detection sensitivity and well signal reproducibility. Compared with low-dimensional SERS-active substrates, 3D micro-/nano-structures have more superior performance and new features as the sensitivity and the repeatability of SERS signal are significantly improved. The introduction of 3D micro-/nano-structures in this field may pave the way for practical applications of SERS.