(1. Research Center for Environmental Functional Materials, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China) (2. College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China) (3. Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China)
Wood has unique three-dimensional porous structure that allows it to effectively reject most impurities in water. Coupled with its low cost and extensive sources, wood has been an ideal membrane filtration material. Moreover, modification of natural wood can greatly improve its filtration efficiency. The above properties endowed wood with obvious competitive advantages among similar materials, and attracted wide attention in membrane filtration field. However, no literature has systematically reviewed the preparation methods of wood membranes and their application progress in membrane filtration. Therefore, based on the structure of wood, this article introduced the water transport structure and chemical composition of wood, and analyzed the relationship between the structure characteristics of wood and its membrane filtration performance. The four modification methods of wood membrane, namely delignification treatment, metal nanoparticles decoration, etherification/esterification modification and carbonization modification were summarized. The application of wood membrane, i.e., bacteria removal, adsorption of heavy metals, and removal of organic pollutants, in membrane separation was introduced. Finally, the prospect of wood membrane in the field of membrane filtration was analyzed.