Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are currently the lightest structural metals in engineering applications, with broad application prospects in fields such as aerospace, defense and military industry, transportation, and electronic 3C. They play an important role in promoting the national dual carbon strategy, ensuring economic construction, and national defense security. Processing and forming technologies are an important part of the development and application of the magnesium industry. The commonly used processing technologies mainly include casting, forging, additive manufacturing, welding, etc. At present, there are problems with high energy consumption, low economic efficiency, poor stability and uniformity in industrial development. The key to fabricate the high-quality Mg alloys is to solve the problem of uniform control of composition, improve processing economy and stability. The scientific problem is to grasp the evolution laws of micro and nano structures, explicit the strengthening and toughening mechanisms during the processing, clarify the causes and evolution laws of forming defects, master the efficient detection and precise regulation methods of alloy components. Based on these, we can realize the lowcost manufacturing of Mg products with high efficiency, and establish relevant testing and evaluation standards.