1. Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Tribology in Advanced Equipment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084,China
3. AVIC Manufacturing Technology Institute, Beijing 100024, China
Nickel-based superalloys are key materials for hot-section components in aeroengines, whose service performance critically depends on surface finish and microstructural integrity. However, conventional mechanical or manual polishing techniques struggle to achieve both nanoscale smoothness and mechanical strengthening on complex geometries. Here, a laser precision polishing approach was employed to systematically investigate the effects of hatch spacing, laser power and scanning speed on surface morphology and tribological behavior. Under the optimized parameters (9 μm hatch spacing, 110 W laser power, 600 mm·s-1 scanning speed), the surface roughness was reduced from 518 to 94 nm, while the Vickers microhardness increased from 192HV0.3 to 278HV0.3 and the coefficient of friction decreased from ~0.25 to ~0.23. Mechanistic analysis revealed that the remarkable reduction in roughness arises from laser remelting and Marangoni flow driven material redistribution, whereas the elevated near-surface hardening and improved tribological performance originate from grain refinement and densification induced by rapid solidification. This study demonstrates that laser precision polishing provides a viable pathway for simultaneously achieving surface planarization and performance enhancement in complex components, offering technological support for their reliable operation under extreme service conditions.