Lubricants have been applied in space technology to prolong the service life and improve the reliability for moving parts. In space, the lubricants perhaps meet various environmental factors, such as hard vacuum, extreme temperature, temperature cycling, atomic oxygen, ultraviolet, proton, electron, micrometeorites, space debris, and so on. This paper introduced the effects of these space environment factors on the lubricants including solid lubricants (layered transition metal disulfides, soft metals and polymers), lubricating oils and greases. The further research on the space lubricants was also discussed.