Containerless processing is a new technology in the development of new materials。 Through the microgravity or the forces of static electricity, electromagnetic, acoustic and aerodynamic to levitate the samples for fabricating of new novel materials and studying its physical properties and structure. Because containerless processing avoids the heterogeneous nucleation from the container wall, it easily to get deep cooling and forming new functional materials which cannot be fabricated by conventional methods. As no containers was need to be used, it opened up a new method for measuring the thermophysical properties for ultra-high temperature melt. Combing the containerless processing with space microgravity, high-energy precision structural analysis devices and supercomputer simulation, a new materials research frontier will be established in China