As a kind of engineering component materials, powder metallurgy particle reinforced aluminum alloys（PMPRAs） are often subjected to cyclic loading in practical application, so the fatigue failure is very common. There are many factors affecting the fatigue properties and fatigue life of PMPRAs. However, the reports about fatigue failure are few and a general summary of the research on fatigue failure is needed. Therefore, the effects of reinforced particles, matrix microstructure, temperature and stress ratio on fatigue properties of powder metallurgy particle reinforced aluminum alloys are mainly reviewed. The relationship between fatigue strength, fatigue crack growth and the above factors are summarized, the mechanisms of these factors are represented in details. Subsequently, the fatigue life prediction methods of particle reinforced composites are introduced. Finally, the further research on the prediction of fatigue life of powder metallurgy particle reinforced aluminum alloys is prospected.