Ultra conductive copper, which has higher electrical conductivity than international annealed copper standard (IACS), has wide application prospect in the fields of machinery, electronics and electricity. This paper summarized the research progress of ultraconductive copper including pure copper, copper alloys, and copper matrix composites. Among these, adding carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotube and graphene to fabricate copper matrix composite is most promising for promoting the electrical conductivity of copper. Whereafter, this paper pointed out three key points relating to the fabrication of ultraconductive copper matrix composite, including good interface bonding, microstructure architecture, blance between structural integrity and uniform dispersion ability. Based on the key points, this paper introduced methods of fabricating ultraconductive copper matrix composite, and analyzed their advantages and weakness, such as casting, electrolytic codeposition, chemical vapor deposition, powder metallurgy, and so on. Finally, this paper pointed out the future trends of ultraconductive copper research.