(1. School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China) (2. Key Laboratory of Material Electromagnetic Process Research, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China)
In recent years, applying Lorentz force, magnetization force, magnetization energy and magnetic polarization interaction of high magnetic fields to obtain new microstructures and properties has become one of hot spots of materials research. The high magnetic field can not only control the physical and chemical reaction process of materials in the macro level, but also affect and regulate the microstructures of materials. The high magnetic field has an important influence on the growth process and the final morphology, microstructure arrangement and phase structure of the prepared products. The research status of high magnetic field on controlling chemical reaction process, preparation of film materials and metal solidification process was mainly introduced. Furthermore, the changes of microstructure and properties were explained from the perspectives of Gibbs free energy, equilibrium coefficient, magnetic susceptibility anisotropy, magnetic domain structure, solute diffusion, and etc. Finally, the research situation, problems and prospects of applying magnetic fields in materials science were discussed in detail.