(1.College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China)(2.Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying 257000, China)
Nanocarriers have been widely used for drug delivery because of their good biocompatibility, tissue permeability, nontoxicity, and easy absorption. The drug carrier enters the target site by cell endocytosis. During this process, the barrier function of the endosome is an important factor limiting the efficiency of drugs. This paper starts from the mechanism of endosome escape. The escape agents realize the endosomal escape by means of protonation effects, membrane fusing or membrane pore forming, membrane destructing, and immunity shielding. The modification of the carrier material by using the escape agents like polymer materials, peptides, photochemical reagents, and pHsensitive materials to achieve the escape are reviewed. Finally, the future development of the escape of the endosome is prospected.