(1. Guizhou Key Laboratory for Preparation of Light Metal Materials, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang 550003, China) (2. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China)
In recent years, magnetron welding technology has received extensive attention at home and abroad. The application of magnetic field in the process of welding and postweld heat treatment can significantly improve the mass transfer and heat transfer behavior of molten pool metal, refine the microstructure, reduce segregation, promote the dispersed distribution of second phase, reduce the sensitivity of welding defects such as pore and crack, and thus significantly improve the mechanical properties of the weld zone. The influence mechanism of Lorentz force, magnetic field force, thermoelectric electromagnetic force, and magnetic Gibbs free energy on the welding process is summarized. At the same time, the influence rule of the magnetic field on microstructure, arc shape, and mechanical properties of the weld seam, and the corresponding principle are analyzed and discussed. It is pointed out that the development of multi-scale magnetic field, magnetron hybrid welding technology, magnetron heat treatment technology combined with finite element analysis of the current field, temperature field and stress field (strain field) in the welding process will be the research focus of magnetron welding technology in the future.