MoS2 is a typical two-dimensional transition metal sulfide, which is widely used in lubrication and catalysis fields. As a functional material, the properties of the nano MoS2 depend on the active sites on the surface. Therefore, the specific surface area of the nano MoS2 has a great influence on its performance.Compared with other synthesis methods, MoS2 nanomaterials synthesized by hydrothermal method have regular morphology, large specific surface area and abundant active sites. Nano-MoS2 shows good performance and application prospect in the fields of energy storage, photocatalysis and electrocatalysis for hydrogen evolution. This paper mainly summarized the research status of hydrothermal synthesis of nano-MoS2 in recent years.Some application cases of nano-MoS2 in the fields of energy storage, photocatalysis and electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution were listed. The future research and prospect of hydrothermal synthesis of nano-MoS2 were prospected.