Key materials are considered as important foundation for equipment technology, aerospace and industrial energy with the equipment upgrades directly affected by their research and development (R&D). In recent years, with proposal of material genome initiative (MGI) and its rapid development, the R&D cycle and cost with “double halving” development concept has become a new model for materials R&D with efficient, fast and lowcost. As one of the three key research contents of the MGI, the high-throughput experimental technology of materials provides direct support for accelerating R&D cycle, thus receiving extensive attention from researchers in various countries. This work provides a summary and analysis of the research progress in the main research directions of high-throughput experimental techniques for materials, including high-throughput experimental techniques for material fabrication and high-throughput characterization and evaluation techniques. Firstly, by introducing the concept of high-throughput in materials R&D, an overview of basic design and implementation principles of highthroughput testing technology is provided, with a detailed introduction to various highthroughput principles, and a more detailed introduction to the development of high-throughput material testing. Therefore, a high-throughput characterization with high efficient characterization of composition, microstructure and mechanical property of metal materials is introduced based on the need for efficient characterization and evaluation of materials. Finally, based on the current developments and needs of marine equipment materials as well as bottlenecks and breakthroughs in high-throughput testing and characterization technology, the development direction is proposed for advanced equipment material R&D with high-throughput testing and characterization technology for high-quality R&D of equipment materials. This provides technical and theoretical guidance for rapid R&D of equipment materials.