激光成形制备生物医用材料研究现状与发展趋势-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: HUANG Weidong; L Xiaowei; LIN Xin; State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi‘an 710072, China

摘要:: 激光成形技术能够实现生物医用材料、人造肢体及医用植入体的个性化设计和生产，并且具有很少的工序环节和很短的加工周期，因此在生物医用材料的制备领域具有重大应用价值。目前适合于生物医用材料制备的激光成形技术主要有立体光刻（SL），分层实体制造（LOM），选择性激光烧结/熔化（SLS/SLM）和激光立体成形（LSF）技术。基于各种激光成形制备技术的原理和特点，综述了激光成形制备生物医用材料的研究进展和应用现状，认为中国在激光成形的各个单项技术领域同发达国家的差别并不大，但综合集成和产业化的差距却非常大。因此，形成包含完整产业链的产学研创新联盟是激光成形技术在中国生物医用材料领域科技发展和产业振兴的重要途径。先进的装备技术是任何一种技术充分发展和应用的必要基础，也是我国生物医用材料产业落后于发达国家的关键环节之一。因此，迫切需要建立适用于医用植入体制造的专用激光立体成形制备系统，形成具有市场化前景、自主知识产权的产品工程化技术和工艺流程，并建立相应的技术标准体系，以显著提升我国生物医用材料及医用植入体的技术水平，促进我国医用植入及组织工程领域的整体发展。

Abstract:: Laser fabrication can realize individual design and production of biomedical materials, artificial limbs, and medical implants with fewer working procedures and shorter processing cycles, thus having an important potentiality in preparation of biomedical materials. Nowadays, the main laser fabrication techniques suitable for preparing biomedical materials include stereolithography (SL), laminated object manufacturing (LOM), selective laser sintering/melting (SLS/SLM), and laser solid forming (LSF). Current research progress and application of laser fabrication techniques on preparing biomedical materials were reviewed based on their fabrication principle and characteristics. It is pointed out that the significant gap in laser fabrication technology between China and the developed countries lies only in the overall technical integration and industrialization, yet not in any individual technical field. An important way to promote the research and industrial revitalization of laser fabrication techniques in China biomedical material field is to build a production-study-research innovation alliance comprised of a complete set of industrial chain. In the meantime, advanced equipment technology is the basis for development and application of any techniques, and it is also one of the key fields in Chinese biomedical materials industry that lag behind those in the developed countries.