纳米孔传感技术应用于核酸检测的研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Research Progress in Nanopores-Based Sensing Technology for Nucleic Acid Detection

Author(s):: WANG Rongliang; GU Dejian; LIU Quanjun; School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University

Keywords:: nanopore; single molecule detection; nucleic acid detection; DNA sequencing; hevay metal ion detection

摘要:: 核酸是储存、复制和传递遗传信息的主要物质基础，实现核酸的精准、灵敏检测对DNA损伤研究、基因治疗、突变分析、细菌感染、药物研发、临床诊断等方面都具有重要意义。核酸传感检测有着广泛的应用前景，如环境、生物医学、药学、食品、法医学等领域。传统的检测方法有光学、质量型压电DNA传感、电化学传感、表面等离子共振传感检测等。随着基因工程技术的飞速发展，许多交叉学科新的分析手段在生命科学领域的应用引起广泛关注。作为高灵敏的单分子检测技术，纳米孔传感技术进展飞快。因其独特的物理和电学性质，对生物分子的检测有快速、无需标记和扩增等优点，已被广泛研究证明。从DNA测序、DNA甲基化检测、DNA损伤检测、DNA-蛋白相互作用、重金属离子检测、RNA、病毒检测等方面分别介绍纳米孔传感技术在核酸检测方向的研究进展。

Abstract:: Nucleic acid is the major physical basis of genetic information for storage, replication and transmission. Realizing accurate and sensitive detection of nucleic acid plays an important role for DNA lesion analysis, gene therapy, mutation analysis, bacterial infection, R&D of drugs, clinical diagnosis and so on. DNA sensing has a wide range of applications, such as environment, biomedicine, pharmaceutics, food, forensic medicine and other fields. Traditional methods mainly include optics, piezoelectric deoxyribonucleic acid sensing, electrochemical deoxyribonucleic acid sensing and surface plasmon resonance. With the rapid developments of genetic engineering technology, many new interdiscipline analytical tools in the field of life science have attracted widespread attentions. As a high-sensitive single molecule detection technology, nanopore sensing technology has got a fast development pace. Nanopores, with its unique physical and electrical properties, detect bio-molecules rapidly without labeling or amplification, and have been proven to be very useful. The progress of nanoporebased sensing technology for nucleic acid detection about DNA sequencing, DNA methylation detection, DNA lesion detection, Protein-DNA interaction, hevay metal ion detection, RNA and virus detection are reviewed.