剧烈塑性变形制备的纳米金属材料的力学行为-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Mechanical Behavior of Nanostructured Metallic Materials Prepared by Severe Plastic Deformation

作者:: 尹雁飞1; 2; 贾蔚菊2; 李思兰2; 毛成亮2; 应扬2; 毛小南2; 赵永庆1; 2; (1. 西北工业大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西西安 710072) (2. 西北有色金属研究院，陕西西安 710016)

Author(s):: YIN Yanfei1; 2; JIA Weijv2; LI Silan2; MAO Chengliang2; YING Yang2; MAO Xiaonan2; ZHAO Yongqing1; 2; (1. School of Material Science and Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China) (2. Northwest Institute for Nonferrous Metal Research, Xi‘an 710016, China)

Keywords:: nanostructured metallic materials; severe plastic deformation; grain refinement; strain hardening; fatigue property

摘要:: 通过剧烈塑性变形（SPD）技术制备的纳米金属材料，其显微组织和力学性能明显不同于普通粗晶（CG）金属材料。根据细化部位的不同，将SPD技术分为块体纳米化技术和表面纳米化技术。概述了当前较为成熟的SPD技术和两类SPD技术的组织细化原理，总结了通过SPD技术制备的纳米金属材料的组织特点和晶粒细化机制，从强度、塑性及加工硬化、断裂机制和疲劳性能等方面，综述了国内外SPD制备纳米金属材料的力学行为相关研究进展，最后结合纳米金属材料的晶粒长大现象和结构稳定性探讨了SPD制备的纳米金属材料未来的研究方向，以期为兼具高强度和良好稳定性的纳米金属材料的研制提供理论支持。

Abstract:: Nanostructured metallic materials prepared by severe plastic deformation (SPD) techniques not only have unique microstructure, but also demonstrate obviously different mechanical properties compared with conventional coarsegrained (CG) materials. In this paper, SPD techniques were divided into block nanocrystallization techniques and surface nanocrystallization techniques according to the difference of refinement parts. The relatively mature SPD techniques and the microstructure refinement principle of two types of SPD techniques were outlined. The microstructure characteristics and grain refinement mechanism of nanostructured metallic materials prepared by SPD technology were summarized. The recent progress on mechanical behavior of nanostructured metallic metals worldwide was reviewed, in terms of strength, plasticity and strain hardening, fracture mechanism and fatigue property. In addition, the future research direction of nanostructured metallic materials in the aspect of its grain growth and structural stability was also discussed, in order to provide theoretical support for developing nanostructured metallic materials with high strength and excellent structural stability.