纳米复合材料界面调控与强化机制研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Research Process on Interface Modification and Strengthening Mechanism of Nanocomposites

Author(s):: JU Boyu; YANG Wenshu; WU Gaohui; (School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China)

Keywords:: nanocomposite; interface; microstructure; strengthening mechanism; structure design; interfacial interaction

摘要:: 纳米复合材料受小尺寸效应、量子效应和表界面效应的影响，体现出与传统材料截然不同的理化性质。纳米复合材料中的界面具有表界面含量高、自由能大和反应活性强的特点，因此其对材料服役、失效和断裂的影响更为显著。为了实现对纳米复合材料性能的精确控制，界面结构设计成为研究的重点。纳米复合材料界面主要分为物理结合界面、反应型结合界面以及过渡层结合界面。详细总结了纳米复合材料常见制备方法与界面结构特征，并从微结构交互作用、析出交互作用和载荷传递作用3个方面对界面交互作用进行了深入讨论；进一步结合界面结构特征，对纳米复合材料的强化机制和断裂行为进行了系统的总结与分析，并在此基础上对其未来发展进行展望。

Abstract:: Nanocomposites exhibit very different physicalchemical properties from traditional materials because of small size effects, quantum effects, and surface interface effects. In nanocomposites, the interface has the characteristics of high surface interface content, large free energy, and strong reactivity. Therefore, the interface has more significant impact on the service, failure and fracture of the material. In order to achieve precise control of the properties of nanocomposites, interfacial structure design has become the focus of research. Nanocomposite interfaces, including physical bonding interfaces, reactive bonding interfaces, and transition layer bonding interfaces, have been extensively studied. The preparation methods and interfacial structure characteristics of nanocomposites are summarized in this paper, and the interfacial interaction is discussed in depth from three aspects of microstructure interaction, precipitation interaction and load transfer. Based on the structure features of interface, the strengthening mechanism and fracture behavior of nanocomposites are comprehensively summarized and analyzed. Whats more, the future development of nanocomposites is also forecasted.