激光粉末床熔融温度场模拟研究-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

作者:: 王岩; 刘雨萌; 刘世锋; 刘江伟; 魏瑛康; 王建勇; 张亮亮; 1.西安建筑科技大学冶金工程学院，陕西西安 710055 2.山东大学能源与动力工程学院, 山东济南 250061

Author(s):: WANG Yan; LIU Yumeng; LIU Shifeng; LIU Jiangwei; WEI Yingkang; WANG Jianyong; ZHANG Liangliang; 1.College of Metallurgical Engineering, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China 2.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China

Keywords:: laser powder bed fusion; mesoscopic scale; numerical simulation; temperature field; molten pool size

摘要:: 激光粉末床熔融具有不受结构限制、近净成形和效率高等优点，广泛应用于航空航天、医疗以及核电领域。其成形过程中涉及多种复杂的且对构件质量有较大影响的物理现象，对材料加工参数的探索建立在高成本和低效率的大量的试错实验上。为了解决上述问题，提出了一种介观尺度物理模型，联合使用EDEM、Gambit以及FLOW-3D软件对激光粉末床熔融成形过程中离散粉末床和粉末熔融进行介观尺度温度场模拟，探究扫描速率对温度场的影响规律、熔池形貌和尺寸的影响，阐明了温度场演变规律。结果表明：激光功率P=215 W下，扫描速率V=900 mm·s-1为最优工艺参数，熔道较为平直均匀，颈缩和球化缺陷最不明显，成形过程中未发生飞溅和过熔等对构件质量产生不利影响的现象。采用实验对模型进行验证，得到了良好的一致性。模拟结果可为激光粉末床熔融成形过程中工艺参数的探索提供一定的理论支撑。

Abstract:: Laser powder bed fusion is widely used in aerospace, medical and nuclear power fields. The forming process involves a variety of complex physical phenomena that have a great impact on the quality of components, also the exploration of material processing parameters is based on a large number of trial experiments with high cost and low efficiency. In order to solve the above problems, this paper proposes a mesoscopic physical model, the use of EDEM, Gambit and FLOW-3D software for discrete powder bed and powder melting during the laser powder bed fusion forming process for mesoscopic temperature field simulation, explore the influence of scanning speed on the temperature field. The influence of the morphology and size of the molten pool clarifies the evolution of the temperature field. The results show that under the laser power P=215 W, the scanning speed V=900 mm·s-1 is the optimal process parameter, the melting channel is relatively straight and uniform, the necking and spheroidization defects are the least obvious, and there is no phenomenon that adversely affects the quality of components such as splashing and overmelting during the forming process. The model was verified by experiments, and good consistency was obtained. The simulation results can provide some theoretical support for the exploration of process parameters in the process of laser powder bed fusion.