柚子皮衍生多孔球形碳的制备及吸波性能研究-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Preparation and Microwave Absorbing Properties of Shaddock Peel-Derived Porous Spherical Carbon

Author(s):: CAO Rui; XIE Wenhan; GENG Haoran; FENG Rui; DONG Lijie; Center of Smart Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing，Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China

Keywords:: shaddock peel; hydrothermal carbonization; high temperature calcination; porous spherical carbon; microwave absorbing

摘要:: 近年来，由生物质衍生的多孔碳材料因其具有价格低廉、环境友好和可调谐介电损耗等优点，在微波吸收领域受到广泛关注。以柚子皮为碳源，采用水热碳化与高温热解相结合的方法，制备了一类多孔球形碳（porous spherical carbon, PPSC），并通过热解温度对PPSC的形貌结构和吸波性能进行调控。采用场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）、热重分析仪（TGA）、红外光谱仪（FTIR）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）、拉曼光谱仪（Raman）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、全自动比表面积及孔隙度分析仪（ASAP）和矢量网络分析仪（VNA）等对材料进行结构表征和吸波性能测试。研究发现，随着温度的升高，PPSC的石墨化程度和比表面积增大；当热解温度为700 ℃时，PPSC在3 mm厚度、12.8 GHz频率下的最小反射损耗（reflection loss, RL）值和有效吸收带宽（effective absorption bandwidth, EAB）分别为-39.7 dB和61 GHz（9.5~15.6 GHz），有望成为一种宽频和高效的微波吸收材料。

Abstract:: In recent years, porous carbon materials derived from biomass have drawn a widely public attention in the electromagnetic wave absorbs field due to their low-cost, environmental friendliness and tunable dielectric loss. In this work, porous spherical carbon (PPSC) was prepared via combining a hydrothermal carbonization and a high temperature calcination process of shaddock peel. The effects of calcination temperature on the morphology, structure and microwave absorbing properties of PPSC were studied. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), automatic surface area and porosity analyzer (ASAP) and vector network analyzer (VNA) were used to characterize the structure and test the microwave absorbing performance of the PPSC. The results show that with the increase of temperature, the degree of graphitization and the specific surface area of PPSC increase, and the minimum reflection loss (RL) value and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of PPSC calcinated at 700 ℃ are -39.7 dB and 6.1 GHz (95~15.6 GHz) respectively, when the material thickness is 3.0 mm and the frequency is 12.8 GHz. Thus, the PPSC is expected to be a broadband and high-efficiency microwave absorption material.