[1]袁野,李万万.无重金属近红外量子点及其荧光成像应用进展[J].中国材料进展,2025,44(06):581-591.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202312012]
　YUAN Ye,LI Wanwan.Advances in Heavy-Metal-Free Near-Infrared Quantum Dots and Their Fluorescence Imaging Applications[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2025,44(06):581-591.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202312012]
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无重金属近红外量子点及其荧光成像应用进展()

中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
44
期数:
2025年06
页码:
581-591
栏目:
出版日期:
2025-06-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Advances in Heavy-Metal-Free Near-Infrared Quantum Dots and Their Fluorescence Imaging Applications
文章编号:
1674-3962(2025)06-0581-11
作者:
袁野; 李万万
上海交通大学材料科学与工程学院，上海 200240
Author(s):
YUAN Ye;  LI Wanwan
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University， Shanghai 200240， China
关键词:
近红外窗口; 无重金属量子点; 生物毒性; 荧光成像; 探针设计
Keywords:
near-infrared window;  heavy-metal-free quantum dots;  biotoxicity; fluorescence imaging;  probe design
分类号:
TB383;O657.3
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202312012
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
荧光成像作为一种高灵敏、实时响应的生物医学成像方式已被广泛应用。近红外（NIR）组织光学窗口内生物组织光吸收和光散射低，易于获取信噪比高、穿透深和灵敏度高的生物成像。量子点（QDs）因量子限域效应，具备独特可控的光电特性和出色的光学性能，是荧光成像的理想材料。相比于高毒性重金属（镉、汞和铅）QDs，磷化铟、铜铟硫和银基QDs等低生物毒性无重金属QDs更受青睐。通过选择性调节合成方法和材料结构制备高量子效率、NIR发光和低渗透毒性的无重金属QDs仍是挑战。NIR QDs探针构建需要进行靶向、伪装和时效的多种策略方案考虑。聚焦用于荧光成像的无重金属NIR QDs，兼顾材料的性能调控、光学特性及其荧光成像设计策略，并展望其在临床应用中的前景。
Abstract:
Fluorescence imaging has emerged as a highly sensitive and real-time responsive modality for biomedical imaging. Within the near-infrared (NIR) tissue optical window, light absorption and light scattering of tissue are much lower, contributing to high signal-to-noise ratio, deep penetration and highly sensitive bioimaging. Quantum dots (QDs) have garnered significant attention as ideal fluoroprobes for imaging in organisms, owing to their unique and controllable optoelectronic properties arising from the quantum confinement effect. To address biotoxicity concerns, low biotoxicity heavy-metal-free QDs, including InP, CuInS2 and Ag-based QDs, are favored over their heavy metal containing (Cd, Hg, and Pb) counterparts. However, obtaining heavy-metalfree QDs emitting in the NIR window necessitates selective synthesis methods and QDs structure tuning, which remain challenging in achieving high quantum yield, redshift of the emission band and low permeability toxicity. Moreover, the successful construction of NIR QDs probes for diverse fluorescence imaging scenarios mandates a multi-strategy approach encompassing targeting, camouflage and timing considerations through appropriate surface modifications. This review focuses on heavy-metal-free NIR QDs for fluorescence imaging, considering performance modulation, optical properties of the materials and design strategies for bioimaging. Furthermore, it summarizes the persisting challenges and provides an outlook on the clinical application prospects of such materials.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2023-12-18修回日期：2024-01-31 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（81971704，82372089） 第一作者：袁野，男，1998年生，硕士研究生 通讯作者：李万万，男，1976年生，研究员，博士生导师， Email: wwli@sjtu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-07-07