增材制造可降解镁合金定制式骨植入物-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Additive Manufacturing of Biodegradable Magnesium Alloy Customized Bone Implants

作者:: 徐皓璟; 尹浜兆; 彭勃; 刘金戈; 田耘; 郑玉峰; 温鹏; 1. 清华大学清洁高效透平动力装备全国重点实验室，北京 100084 2. 清华大学机械工程系，北京 100084 3. 清华大学航天航空学院，北京 100084 4.北京大学第三医院骨科，北京 100191 5.北京大学材料科学与工程学院，北京 100871

Author(s):: XU Haojing; YIN Bangzhao; PENG Bo; LIU Jinge; TIAN Yun; ZHENG Yufeng; WEN Peng; 1. State Key Laboratory of Clean and Efficient Turbomachinery Power Equipment, Beijing, 100084, China 2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 3. School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China et al.

Keywords:: magnesium alloy bone implant; additive manufacturing; component control; structural design; postprocessing

摘要:: 随着老年人口数量的增加，骨科疾病的发生率持续上升，社会对骨植入物的需求显著提高。传统骨植入物不可降解的特性限制了骨缺损的治疗效果。镁作为一种生物相容性优异、力学性能良好的可降解金属，被公认为一种极具前途的新型骨植入物材料。通过增材制造技术成形定制化镁合金骨植入物，一方面，外形精确匹配患者的骨缺损外形，另一方面，内部的多孔结构利于新骨长入。然而现阶段增材制造镁合金骨植入物存在降解周期与骨愈合周期不匹配的问题，限制了其在骨植入物领域的推广应用。介绍了镁合金骨植入物的增材制造工艺以及面临的挑战，并从成分调控、结构设计、后处理3个方面介绍了调控镁合金植入物降解行为、力学性能和生物性能的策略。最后提出了镁合金骨植入物的潜在研究方向和未来展望。

Abstract:: With the increase in the elderly population, the incidence of orthopedic diseases continues to rise, and there is a significantly increasing demand for bone implants. Traditional undegradable bone implants pose great limitations in bone defects treatment. Magnesium, as a degradable metal with excellent biocompatibility and mechanical properties, is recognized as a promising bone implant material. Customized magnesium alloy bone implants fabricated by additive manufacturing can accurately match the patients bone defect shape,and the internal porous structure facilitates new bone growth. However,the current additive manufacturing of magnesium alloy bone implants suffers from the mismatch between the degradation cycle and the bone healing cycle,constraining its application in the field of bone implants. This paper elucidates the additive manufacturing processes for magnesium alloy bone implants and the challenges faced, and outlines strategies for modulating their degradation behavior, mechanical characteristics and biological properties through three primary avenues: composition, structural design, and postprocessing. Finally, the potential research directions and future prospects of magnesium alloy bone implants are proposed.