碳纤维/树脂复合材料火焰耐受性研究-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

作者:: 李敏; 李林; 李松阳; 何歆; 冀浩; 1. 中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司，上海 200241 2. 中国民用航空局第二研究所，四川成都 610041 3. 中国民用航空适航审定中心，北京 100102

Author(s):: LI Min; LI Lin; LI Songyang; HE Xin; JI Hao; 1. AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co, Ltd, Shanghai 200241, China 2. The Second Research Institute of Civil Aviation Administration of China,Chengdu 610041, China 3. Airworthiness Certification Center, Civil Aviation Administration of China,Beijing 100102,China

Keywords:: carbon fiber/resin composites; fire test; flame resistance; temperature; airworthiness

摘要:: 碳纤维/树脂复合材料由于比强度高、可设计性强的优点在民用航空发动机上有着越来越重要的应用。当复合材料部件的功能为发动机防火墙时，需要开展设计评估，表明其对航空发动机适航规定（CCAR-33R2）第33-17条防火条款的适航符合性。为解决现阶段复合材料部件缺乏火焰包容能力的实验研究和基础实验数据支撑的问题，开展了不同层厚的热固型复合材料（碳纤维/环氧树脂）和热塑型复合材料（碳纤维/聚醚醚酮）防火实验。防火实验结果表明，经过15 min标准火焰冲击，2种复合材料均未出现烧穿现象，展现出良好的火焰包容能力。通过对实验件表面温度的测量，建立了其火焰耐受性随层厚增加的变化规律。对比分析了2种复合材料的背火面温度差异及影响因素，这对复合材料部件防火适航设计与验证、提高发动机防火安全性具有指导意义。

Abstract:: Carbon fiber/resin composites play an increasingly critical role in civil aviation engines. When composite components work as firewalls, a design assessment is required to demonstrate airworthiness compliance with Airworthiness Standards: Aircraft Engines(CCAR-33R2) 33-17 fire protection. To address the issue that lacking of tests study on fire-resistance of composites components and accumulate fundamental experimental data for fire protection design of composites in civilian aero-engine, the thickness-dependent flame resistance of thermosetting composites (carbon fiber/epoxy resin) and thermoplastic composites (carbon fiber/polyether ether ketone) was investigated by fire tests. Fire tests results show that both composites did not burn through after impingement of standard flame for 15 minutes, demonstrating good flame containment capacity. By measuring the temperature on the backward side, the changes in flame resistance with increasing layer thickness were revealed. A comparative analysis was conducted on the temperature difference on the backward face between the two composites and the influencing factors, which gives significant guidance for the aeronautical certification and validation of fire safety designs for composites, as well as for enhancing the overall fire safety of engines.