[1]李志明.多主元高熵材料的独特强韧化机制[J].中国材料进展,2025,44(01):111-122.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202412008]
　LI Zhiming.Unique Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms of Multi-Principal Element High-Entropy Materials[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2025,44(01):111-122.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202412008]
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多主元高熵材料的独特强韧化机制()
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中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
44
期数:
2025年01
页码:
111-122
栏目:
出版日期:
2025-01-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Unique Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms of Multi-Principal Element High-Entropy Materials
文章编号:
1674-3962(2025)01-0111-12
作者:
李志明
1. 中南大学 材料科学与工程学院，湖南 长沙 410083 2. 中南大学 粉末冶金国家重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410083
Author(s):
LI Zhiming
1. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University,Changsha 410083, China
关键词:
高熵材料; 强韧化; 宏量间隙固溶; 双向相变; 共生纳米双析; 高应力孪生
Keywords:
high-entropy materials;  strengthening and toughening;  massive interstitial solid solution;  bidirectional transformation;  symbiotic dual-nanoprecipitation;  highstress twinning
分类号:
TG139;TB383
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202412008
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
多主元高熵材料拥有几乎无限的化学成分空间，其组织结构也可通过制备与加工工艺有效调控。因此，通过化学成分与组织结构的耦合设计，可有效协调多主元高熵材料中的各种强韧化机制，实现优异的综合力学性能。除传统单主元材料中的强韧化效应以外，多主元高熵材料还可具备独特的强韧化机制，从而获得更优的强度与塑韧性搭配。总结了多主元高熵材料相比于传统单主元材料的多种独特强韧化机制，包括宏量置换固溶与宏量间隙固溶、亚稳工程与双向相变、共生纳米双析与多层级析出、高应力孪生、高密度层错与迟滞马氏体相变、纳米非晶多主元高熵晶体复合机制等。阐述了上述机制对应的多主元高熵材料成分与结构设计依据和思路，分析了典型机制在具体材料中的微观作用原理。进一步基于传统单主元材料中的经典强韧化机制与多主元高熵材料的独特性讨论了其它可能的强韧化机制。最后，展望了多主元高熵材料基于广阔成分与结构设计空间同时实现优异力学性能与其它功能特性方面的潜力，以有效发挥多主元高熵材料的独特优势和价值。
Abstract:
Multi-principal element high-entropy materials (MPE-HEMs) have practically infinite chemical composition space, and their microstructures can also be effectively controlled by synthesis and processing technologies. Therefore, through the coupling design of chemical composition and microstructure, various mechanisms can be effectively coordinated in MPEHEMs to achieve excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. In addition to the strengthening and toughening effects in traditional single-principal element materials, unique mechanisms can be activated in MPE-HEMs to obtain better combinations of strength and ductility/toughness. This overview paper summarizes a variety of unique strengthening and toughening mechanisms in MPE-HEMs, including massive substitutional and interstitial solid solution, metastable engineering and bidirectional transformation, symbiotic dualnanoprecipitation and hierarchical nanoprecipitation, high-stress twinning, high-density stacking faulting and sluggish martensitic transformation, and nanoamorphous-crystalline high-entropy composite mechanisms. The principles and ideas for designing compositions and microstructures of MPE-HEMs to realize the above unique mechanisms are described, the microscopic fundamentals of the typical mechanisms in specific MPE-HEMs are also analyzed. Furthermore, based on the classical strengthening and toughening mechanisms in traditional single-principal element materials and the uniqueness of MPE-HEMs, other possible strengthening and toughening mechanisms are discussed. Finally, the potential of MPE-HEMs for simultaneously achieving excellent mechanical properties and other functional properties based on the large room of compositional and structural design are prospected, which suggests important ways to effectively exploit the unique advantages and values of MPE-HEMs.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2024-12-16修回日期：2024-12-25 基金项目：湖南省科技创新计划项目（2023RC1013, 2024JC0003）; 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51971248） 作者简介：李志明，男，1986年生，教授，博士生导师， Email: lizhiming@csu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2024-12-30