[1]李嘉玉,张永强,李普博,等.富氢交变载荷下Q345R钢焊接接头氢致失效研究[J].中国材料进展,2026,45(05):448-456.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202504013]
　LI Jiayu,ZHANG Yongqiang,LI Pubo,et al.Study on Hydrogen-Induced Failure of Q345R Steel Welded Joints Under Hydrogen-Rich Alternating Loads[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2026,45(05):448-456.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202504013]
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富氢交变载荷下Q345R钢焊接接头氢致失效研究()

中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
45
期数:
2026年05
页码:
448-456
栏目:
出版日期:
2026-05-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Study on Hydrogen-Induced Failure of Q345R Steel Welded Joints Under Hydrogen-Rich Alternating Loads
文章编号:
1674-3962(2026)05-0448-09
作者:
李嘉玉; 张永强; 李普博; 周海; 宁昊; 沈红江; 黄浩
1. 宁夏大学材料与新能源学院，宁夏 银川 750021 2. 西安交通大学材料科学与工程学院，陕西 西安 710049 3. 宁夏特种设备检验检测研究院，宁夏 银川 750000
Author(s):
LI Jiayu;  ZHANG Yongqiang;  LI Pubo;  ZHOU Hai;  NING Hao; SHEN Hongjiang;  HUANG Hao
1. College of Materials and New Energy, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China 2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xian 710049, China 3. Ningxia Special Equipment Inspection and Testing Institute, Yinchuan 750000, China
关键词:
变压吸附器失效; 服役Q345R碳钢; 氢致损伤; 疲劳实验; 应力腐蚀
Keywords:
pressure swing adsorber failure;  in-service Q345R carbon steel;  hydrogeninduced damage;  fatigue experiments;  stress corrosion
分类号:
TG438；TG421
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202504013
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
以服役15年后失效的Q345R变压吸附器焊接接头为研究对象，探讨了母材、热影响区及焊缝区的微观组织和力学性能差异。结果显示，母材为铁素体珠光体组织，热影响区呈针状铁素体向细等轴晶的梯度演变，焊缝区以针状铁素体为主并含少量贝氏体。焊缝与热影响区硬度高于母材，焊缝区硬度自上而下递减，反映了冷却速率对组织细化的作用。顶部堆焊层屈服强度达440.6 MPa，但延伸率低；底部打底焊区屈服强度为381.5 MPa，却具有最佳延伸率（18.3%）和断面收缩率（66.6%），这归因于细贝氏体组织及低碳化物偏析。另外，服役失效试样在最大应力为400 MPa（应力比为-1）时的疲劳寿命为236 481次，而富氢试样在相同最大应力下疲劳寿命为19 488次。这说明氢原子的聚集促进了裂纹的萌生与扩展，尤其在焊缝的缺陷处形成氢陷阱，导致材料由韧性断裂向脆性解理断裂转变。通过对变压吸附器氢致失效后的组织演化规律与性能退化原因进行分析，为吸附器的安全高效稳定运行提供研究基础。
Abstract:
This study investigates the microstructural evolution and mechanical property degradation in a Q345R pressure swing adsorber weld joint after 15 years of service failure. The base metal exhibits a ferrite-pearlite microstructure, while the heat affected zone shows a gradient transition from acicular ferrite in the overheated region to fine equiaxed grains in the recrystallized zone. The weld metal primarily contains acicular ferrite with minor bainite. Both the weld and heat affected zones demonstrate higher hardness than the base metal, with a decreasing trend observed in the weld zone from top to bottom, reflecting the cooling rate’s influence on grain refinement. The top weld layer achieves a yield strength of 440.6 MPa but with low elongation, whereas the root weld zone, despite its lower yield strength (381.5 MPa), exhibits optimal ductility (18.3% elongation) and reduction of area (66.6%), attributed to the fine bainite microstructure and reduced carbide segregation. Under high-cycle fatigue testing at 400 MPa (R=-1), the servicefailed specimen shows 236 481 cycles, while the hydrogen-charged sample failed after only 19 488 cycles. This significant reduction in fatigue life is linked to hydrogen-induced crack initiation and propagation acceleration, particularly at weld defects where hydrogen traps form, triggering a transition from ductile fracture to brittle cleavage fracture and ultimately causing premature failure. The analysis of hydrogeninduced microstructural evolution and property degradation mechanisms provides critical insights for ensuring the safe and efficient operation of pressure vessels in hydrogen service environments.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2025-04-11修回日期：2025-10-29 基金项目：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目（2024BEE03009，2024BEE03004）；宁夏自然科学基金重点项目（2024AAC02007） 第一作者：李嘉玉，女，2001年生，硕士研究生 通讯作者：李普博，男，1987年生，教授，博士生导师， Email:lipubo@nxu.edu.cn
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-05-06