[1]白培加.基于相变-辐射冷却的双模式热管理及其在低空飞行器中的应用前景[J].中国材料进展,2026,45(05):425-431.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202509010]
　BAI Peijia.Dual-Mode Thermal Management Strategy Integrating Phase Change and Radiative Cooling:Application Prospects in Low-Altitude Aircraft[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2026,45(05):425-431.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202509010]
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基于相变-辐射冷却的双模式热管理及其在低空飞行器中的应用前景()

中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
45
期数:
2026年05
页码:
425-431
栏目:
出版日期:
2026-05-31

文章信息/Info

Title:
Dual-Mode Thermal Management Strategy Integrating Phase Change and Radiative Cooling:Application Prospects in Low-Altitude Aircraft
文章编号:
1674-3962(2026)05-0425-07
作者:
白培加
1.天目山实验室，浙江 杭州 311115 2.北京航空航天大学，北京 100191
Author(s):
BAI Peijia
1. Tianmushan Laboratory， Hangzhou 311115, China 2. Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
关键词:
低空飞行器; 相变材料; 辐射冷却; 热管理; 双模式
Keywords:
low-altitude aircraft;  phase change materials;  radiative cooling;  thermal management;  dual-mode
分类号:
TB34
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202509010
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
针对低空飞行器（如电动垂直起降飞行器（eVTOL）、长航时无人机）在复杂飞行环境中面临的热管理难题：既需应对电池、电机等核心部件的瞬时高热负荷（峰值热流密度可达 200~500 W/m2），又要适应高低温（-40~60 ℃）循环、强太阳辐射（≤1000 W/m2）等极端工况，且受限于轻量化、低能耗要求，综述了相变吸热和辐射冷却技术的发展。提出一种双模式热管理技术，通过有机整合相变复合材料的储热缓冲特性与辐射冷却的被动散热优势：在高负荷阶段，通过高潜热相变材料快速吸收瞬时热量；在低温稳定阶段，辐射冷却涂层将热量无能耗辐射至环境。该技术有望应用于eVTOL领域，解决垂直起降阶段动力电池的热失控风险，延长电池循环寿命；在长航时无人机领域，突破高空稀薄大气下对流散热效率衰减的瓶颈，为低空飞行器热管理提供轻量化、低能耗、宽工况适配的创新方案，对推动城市空中交通及低空作业装备的规模化应用具有重要意义。
Abstract:
Low-altitude aircraft, including electric vertical take-off and landing (eVTOL) and long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles, face significant thermal management challenges in complex flight environments. They must not only cope with instantaneous high heat loads from core components (e-g, batteries and motors), with peak heat flux densities reaching 200~500 W/m2, but also adapt to extreme conditions such as wide temperature (-40 to 60 ℃) cycles and intense solar radiation (≤1000 W/m2), while adhering to strict lightweight and low-energy-consumption requirements. This paper proposes a dual-mode thermal management technology that organically integrates the heat storage and buffering properties of composite phase change materials (PCMs) with the passive heat dissipation advantages of radiative cooling. During high-heat-load phases, high-latent-heat PCMs rapidly absorb transient heat. During low-temperature steady phases, radiative cooling coatings dissipate heat to the environment without energy consumption. In applications, this technology is expected to mitigate the risk of thermal runaway in eVTOL power batteries during vertical take-off and landing (while extending battery cycle life) and overcome the bottleneck of reduced heat dissipation efficiency caused by thin high-altitude atmospheres for longendurance unmanned aerial vehicles. It provides an innovative, lightweight, low-energy-consuming and widely adaptable thermal management solution for low-altitude aircraft, which is of great significance for promoting the large-scale application of urban air mobility and low-altitude operational equipment.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2025-09-11修回日期：2025-11-12 基金项目：浙江省博士后择优资助项目（ZJ2026181） 通讯作者：白培加，男，1995年生，助理研究员， Email:peijiabai@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-05-06