航天特种高分子材料研究与应用进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Progress on Research and Application of Special Polymer Materials in Aerospace Industry

Author(s):: ZHAO Yunfeng; (Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology, Beijing 100076, China)

摘要:: 概要介绍了航天材料及工艺研究所建所55年来开展的特种高分子材料研制及在我国航天产品上的应用研究工作进展。研制了80余种特种橡胶密封材料，如耐N2O4的羧基亚硝基氟橡胶、氟醚橡胶，耐肼类的乙丙橡胶，空间硅橡胶系列等；近百种高性能硅橡胶、丁基橡胶、丁腈橡胶阻尼减振材料等；用于航天产品次结构件的特种工程塑料如，改性PA、PU、PPS、PI、PEEK、PTFE、PMI泡沫等材料和制品；特种涂层材料，包括TL系列环境防护涂料、XB、TF系列生存与突防涂料、TR系列防热涂料及空间热控涂料等较为完善的涂层体系；主要用于热防护层粘接、防热密封、耐低温及耐介质等百余种特种胶黏剂密封剂；用于先进复合材料的高性能环氧、双马来酰亚胺、氰酸酯、聚酰亚胺和其它耐高温树脂体系等。这些高分子材料及制品都已成功应用于我国运载火箭、卫星、飞船等航天产品。

Abstract:: Many special polymer materials were developed & applied in Chinese aerospace industry by Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology(ARIMPT) since its establishment 55 years ago, and most of them had been in series. The materials it has been developed cover more than 80 kinds of elastomeric sealing materials, including carboxy nitroso fluororubber & fluoroether rubber for N2O4, ethylenepropylene rubber for unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, silicone rubber for satellites & spacecrafts, and about 100 kinds of silicone, chloroprene, nitrile damping rubbers; and modified PA,PU,PPS,PI,PEEK,PTFE,PMI engineering plastics for subsidiary construction; and TL series environmental protection coatings,XB & TF series spacecrafts survival & penetration coatings, TR series thermal resistant coatings, space thermal control coatings,etc; and more than 100 kinds of special adhesives & sealants for adhesion of thermal protection layer,heat sealing, ultralow temperature & special media; and high property synthentic resin systems for advanced composite mayerials, i.e. modified epoxy resin, bismaleimide , cyanate ester, polyimide & other hightemperature resistant resin etc. These polymer materials and the parts made of them had been applied successfully in the launch vehicles, satellites and the spacecrafts of our country.