海洋耐蚀钢的国内外进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

作者:: 张国宏; 成林; 李钰; 伊萨耶夫·欧列格; 吴开明; 武汉科技大学国际钢铁研究院耐火材料与冶金省部共建国家重点实验室，湖北武汉 430081

Author(s):: ZHANG Guohong; CHENG Lin; LI Yu; ISAYEV Oleg; WU Kaiming; The State Key Laboratory for Refractory Material and Metallurgy Jointly-constructed by Ministry-province，Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China

摘要:: 随着陆地资源日趋枯竭，海洋资源的开发与利用被列为2l世纪的重点目标之一。耐海水腐蚀材料的研究和应用是海洋开发的基础和前提。海洋耐蚀钢主要指应用于原油运输船、海洋平台、海底油气管线和大型跨海桥梁等领域的一类低合金高强度钢。低合金高强度钢在海洋开发和利用领域应用量大、涉及面广，文章主要围绕油船货油舱用耐蚀钢和耐海水腐蚀钢这2类高强度低合金钢，对国内外研究应用进展进行了综述。在总结油船货油舱内部腐蚀环境及机理的基础上，综述了日本、韩国、乌克兰、俄罗斯和中国在油船货油舱用耐蚀钢方面的研究开发现状。比较了美国、日本、法国和中国研发的耐海水耐蚀钢的特点。指出了我国在油船货油舱用耐蚀钢及耐海水腐蚀钢方面存在的问题、差距和对策。提出了我国发展海洋耐蚀钢需要解决的关键技术与核心科学问题。

Abstract:: With the gradual depletion of resources on land, the development and utilization of marine resources have become as one of key targets for 2l century. Research and application of marine corrosion resistant materials are the basis and prerequisite for marine development. Marine corrosion resistant steels are widely used in the crude oil tank, offshore platform, submarine oil and gas pipeline and large cross-sea bridge etc. Because many kinds of high strength low alloy steel have been used in the development and utilization of ocean, only the advance on corrosion resistant steel for crude oil tank and seawater corrosion resistant steel are reviewed in this work. For corrosion resistant steel for crude oil tank, the corrosion environment and mechanism of cargo oil tank are summarized, the current status in Japan, Korea, Ukraine, Russia and China are described. Furthermore, the characteristics of seawater corrosion resistant steel in United States, Japan, France and China are compared. Based on the above analysis, the existing problems and weakness in China, the future countermeasures are thus proposed. Finally, the key technologies and core scientific problems in the development of oil tank and marine corrosion resistant high strength low alloyed steels are put forwarded.