静电纺有机/无机杂化纳米纤维载药体系的构建及其生物医学应用-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Construction of Drug-Loaded Electrospun Organic/Inorganic Hybrid Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications

Author(s):: WANG Zhe; SHI Xiangyang; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

摘要:: 纳米纤维具有诸如极大的比表面积、可控的多孔二级结构等一系列优良特性，使其在环境保护、能源利用、催化剂、药物载体、组织工程支架材料等领域得到了广泛应用。通过静电纺技术制备的纳米纤维主要有有机纳米纤维、无机纳米纤维、以及无机/有机杂化纳米纤维三类。本文结合课题组之前的研究成果积累，综述了各种不同的静电纺有机/无机杂化纳米纤维载药体系的构建及其生物医学应用。着重介绍了如何将药物负载在无机纳米颗粒（埃洛石、锂皂石、羟基磷灰石、介孔二氧化硅等）的表面或内部并进而和高分子混纺形成双载体的过程和相关药物缓释机理，并探讨了杂化纳米纤维载药体系的生物医学应用，尤其是在抗菌和抗肿瘤方面的治疗应用。文章最后对该领域的相关研究作了展望。

Abstract:: The distinctive features of nanofibers (such as huge surface area to volume ratio, controllable porous secondary structure, etc) enable them to be widely used in the fields of environmental protection, energy, catalysts, drug delivery, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology mainly include organic nanofibers, inorganic nanofibers, and inorganic/organic hybrid nanofibers. In this review, based on our previous work associated with electrospun hybrid nanofiber systems, the construction of various drug-loaded electrospun organic/inorganic hybrid nanofibers for biomedical applications has been reviewed. In particular, this review mainly introduces the loading of drug molecules onto or within various inorganic nanoparticles (e. g. , halloysite nanotubes, laponite nanodisks, nanohydroxyapatite, mesoporous silica, etc.) for subsequent electrospinning with polymers to form electrospun hybrid nanofiber-based double drug carrier systems, and the associated mechanisms related to the sustained release of the encapsulated drug molecules. The biomedical applications of the drug-loaded hybrid electrospun nanofibers, especially in antibacterial and antitumor therapy applications have been also reviewed. The review ends with a brief outlook of some of the future aspects of this area of research.