多元铝合金相图热力学、热物性质数据库及其应用-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Thermodynamic and thermophysical databases of multicomponent Al alloys and their applications

Author(s):: LIU Shuhong; LING Dicheng; HUANG Dandan; ZHANG Fan; DU Yong; State Key Laboratory for Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha, 410083

摘要:: 精确的热力学、热物性质数据库是进行多元多相材料制备过程中微观结构演变定量描述的关键。高性能铝合金作为航空航天和国民生产用重要结构材料，其制备工艺的优化和设计一直备受关注。本文首先概述了多元多相铝合金热力学数据库构筑的方法及其最新研究进展，重点介绍了多元多相铝合金相平衡测定的实验方法和第一原理计算在铝合金热力学数据库构筑中的辅助作用。随后介绍了多元多相铝合金扩散系数、粘度、摩尔体积数据库构筑的最新研究进展。接着给出了三个实例介绍了热力学数据库和热物性质数据库在铝合金凝固过程中微观结构演变模拟的应用。最后简单总结了多元铝合金热力学和热物性数据库目前面临的问题和挑战。

Abstract:: Thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria are prerequisite for understanding many scientific and technological disciplines. Accurate databases for thermodynamic and thermophysical properties are the key to realize the description of microstructure evolution of multicomponent and multiphase alloys. As super-structural materials for aerospace and civil industry, the optimal process for the aluminum alloys is very important and has received a lot of concerns. This paper firstly provides an overview on the thermodynamic database and the latest research progress on the multicomponent aluminum alloys, especially introducing the application of TEM and 3DAP in the measurement of phase equilibria of the multicomponent alloys as well as the importance of first-principles calculations in the construction of the thermodynamic database. Subsequently, a brief introduction about the recent research on the thermophysical databases of the aluminum alloys, such as diffusion coefficient, molar volume as well as the viscosity, is presented. Then three case studies are described to show how the thermodynamic and thermophysical databases are applied in the simulation of the solidification microstructure of the aluminum alloys. Finally, the major challenges for the development of accurate thermodynamic and thermophysical databases for multicomponent and multiphase aluminum alloys are briefly concluded.