无机智能节能窗<br />-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: CHEN Zhang; YANG Guang; YANG Fan; MA Dongyun; GAO Yanfeng; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University

摘要:: 传统节能窗仅对太阳能（如阳光控制型）、热辐射（如Low-E玻璃）或者热对流（如中空玻璃）起阻隔作用，智能节能窗则可以在特定刺激下（环境温度、电场、气体、光照变化等）自主调节自身光谱透反射特性，从而机敏地调整进入室内的太阳能或者热量，实现更高效的节能。作为智能节能窗的核心，变色节能材料可分为有机和无机变色材料。相对于有机材料，无机变色材料具有抗老化性能强、变色持续时间长、热稳定性能好等优点，是目前主要的智能节能窗材料。本文介绍了最常见的四种无机变色(热致变色、电致变色、气质变色和光致变色)材料，包括其发展历史、节能原理或者变色机理、主要制备工艺和目前存在的问题或者研究现状等，并就各种智能的发展趋势进行了展望。

Abstract:: Tranditional energy-saving windows work just by blocking solar energy (solar control coated glass), thermal radiation (Low-E glass) or thermal convection (hollow glass), while smart energy-saving windows could change their optical performances under a given stimulus such as temperature, electrical filed, gas, and light irradiation, et. al., which would endue them the ability to control the heat enter house, bringing higher energy-saving efficiency. Chromic materials is the core of smart energy-saving windows, including organic and inorganic materials. Compare to organic ones, inorganic chromic materials show advantages in age resistance, stability metachrosis and thermal stability, is the main materials of current smart energy-saving windows. This paper reviews the research progress of four sorts of inorganic materials (thermochromic, electricochromic, gasochromic and photochromic), including their development, preparation technology, mechanism of discoloration or energy-saving, current problem and their prospects.