[1]黄占斌,李昉泽.土壤重金属固化稳定化的环境材料研究进展[J].中国材料进展,2017,(11):034-45.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.11.05]
　Huang Zhanbin,Li Fangze.Research Progress of Environmental Materials on Solidification and Stabilization of Heavy Metals in Soil[J].MATERIALS CHINA,2017,(11):034-45.[doi:10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.11.05]
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土壤重金属固化稳定化的环境材料研究进展()
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中国材料进展[ISSN:1674-3962/CN:61-1473/TG]

卷:
期数:
2017年第11期
页码:
034-45
栏目:
前沿综述
出版日期:
2017-11-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Research Progress of Environmental Materials on Solidification and Stabilization of Heavy Metals in Soil
作者:
黄占斌; 李昉泽
中国矿业大学(北京)化学与环境工程学院
Author(s):
Huang Zhanbin;  Li Fangze
School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology-Beijing
关键词:
环境材料; 重金属; 固化稳定化（S/S）; 效应机理; 研究进展
Keywords:
Environmental materials;  Heavy metal;  Solidification and Stabilization(S/S);  Effect mechanism;  Research progress
DOI:
10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.2017.11.05
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
固化稳定化是土壤重金属污染治理的主要技术之一，固化材料的环境材料理念加强尤为重要。环境材料是具有最低环境负荷和最大使用功能的人类所需材料，具有功能性、环境友好性和经济型特征。我国农田土壤重金属点位污染达到19.1%；治理途径有物理技术、化学技术、生物技术和工程技术；化学技术有淋洗和固化稳定化（S/S）技术，实际应用中70%以上土壤重金属污染治理技术选择后者；固化稳定化的环境材料的类别可分为无机材料、有机材料和氧化还原材料；环境材料的应用应结合重金属类别及其污染程度、修复目标和当地的土壤、气候和社会经济条件等因素进行选择，并与生物技术和工程技术等集成；结合国内外的土壤重金属固化稳定化的研究进展，总结土壤重金属污染治理的环境材料作用机理，主要包括沉淀作用、吸附作用、配位作用、有机络合和氧化还原作用等方式，改变重金属在土壤中的赋存形态和化学形态，降低其迁移性和生物有效性；围绕土壤重金属固化稳定化研究的系统化，提出土壤重金属污染治理的应用基础研究框架，包括材料与重金属，材料-土壤-重金属，材料-土壤-植物-重金属，材料-田间-作物-重金属，以及重金属治理的综合评价等五个层次，这是促进环境材料基础与应用研究结合的基础。
Abstract:
Solidification and Stabilization (S/S) is one of main technologies on the treatment of heavy metal pollution in soil, to strengthen the concept of environmental materials is more important in research and development of stabilization materials. Environmental materials are essential for human beings with the lowest environmental load and the highest functional capacity, the materials have three areas of characteristics, such as functional, environmentally friendly and economical. The point pollution of heavy metals in farmland soil in our country reached 19.1%. There are a lot of treatment options which include physical technology, chemical technology, biotechnology and engineering technology. Chemical technology consists of leaching and stabilization and more than 70% applied technology of the soil heavy metal pollution control was choosing the latter. The types of environmental materials for solidification and stabilization can be classified into inorganic materials, organic materials and redox materials. The application of environmental materials should be adopted according to the combination of influencing factors such as the category of heavy metals and their pollution levels, remediation targets, local soil quality, climate and socio-economic conditions, and integrated with biotechnology and engineering technology. This paper combines the research progress of soil heavy metal mobilization stabilization at home and abroad, summarizes the mechanism of environmental material activity for soil heavy metal pollution control, which mainly includes precipitation, adsorption, coordination, organic complexation and redox reaction, etc.. By above reaction process, it will change the existing and chemical form of heavy metals in soil, reduces their migration and bioavailability. This article puts forward the basic research framework of soil heavy metal pollution control based on the systematization of study on Mobilization and Stabilization of Heavy Metals in soils. It includes five aspects which are materials and heavy metals, materials - soil - heavy metals, materials - soil - plant - heavy metals, materials - field - crop - heavy metals, as well as the comprehensive evaluation of heavy metal management. This is the basis for the combination of promoting the basic research and application research of environmental materials.
更新日期/Last Update: 2017-10-27