聚合物分离膜材料的制备与结构调控-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

作者:: 唐安琪; 王章慧; 张梦晓; 路景驭; 朱利平; (浙江大学高分子科学与工程学系，高分子合成与功能构造教育部重点实验室，浙江杭州 310027)

Author(s):: TANG Anqi; WANG Zhanghui; ZHANG Mengxiao; LU Jingyu; ZHU Liping; (MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China)

Keywords:: Polymer separation membranes; Preparation; Modification; Structure control; Antifouling

摘要:: 聚合物膜是膜分离过程的核心基础材料，在解决水资源、能源、环境、健康等领域的重大问题中发挥着不可替代的作用。传统的聚合物膜材料存在孔径分布宽、通量小、易污染等共性难题，难以实现低能耗下的高效分离。近年来，本研究小组从膜材料的微结构设计出发，致力于探寻实现膜材料高性能化与多功能化的新思路和新原理，建立和发展了一系列膜材料制备与改性的新方法，优化了聚合物膜材料的孔径/孔径分布、亲/疏水性、荷电特征等结构特征，显著提升了膜材料的通量、分离精度和抗污染能力。本文从膜材料的制备与改性两个方面入手，介绍了近年来聚合物膜材料制备与结构调控方面的研究进展，为分离膜材料的研究提供参考。

Abstract:: Membrane technology has been widely applied in the solution of some great issues that humans are facing in water resource, energy resource, environment, and heath etc. Polymer membranes play a key role in membrane separation processes, in which high efficiency separation with low energy consumption is desirable. Traditional polymer membranes are often subject to some challenges such as wide pore size distribution, low permeability, membrane fouling. To address these problems, in the past decades, many efforts have been made on the preparation and structure control of polymer membranes. The objective of these work is to achieve the high performance and multifunctionalization for membrane materials from the design and control of membrame microstructure. By the optimization of pore size distribution, hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity and charge characteristic etc., we have developed a series of novel membrane materials with enhanced permeability, separation accuracy and antifouling ability. In this paper, recent research progresses on the preparation and modification of polymer membranes used in water treatment are reviewed. The development and study prospective of water treatment membranes are proposed. This review may be helpful for researchers whose interests focus on polymer membranes for water treatment.