特种陶瓷材料快速烧结新技术研究-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: JI Wei; FU Zhengyi; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology

Keywords:: advanced ceramics; fast sintering; sintering mechanisms; densification; grain growth

摘要:: 特种陶瓷作为工程材料的重要组成部分具有广阔的工业应用前景。传统烧结方法制备的特种陶瓷晶粒粗大且性能较差，高耗能和高耗时的特点也不符合绿色可持续发展的要求。快速烧结新技术的发展为这一难题提供了解决方法，利用快速烧结技术，陶瓷材料的制备时间和能耗大大降低，同时其在烧结过程中的晶粒生长也受到抑制，材料性能得以优化。主要围绕放电等离子体烧结（SPS）、高温自蔓延烧结（SHS）和基于这两种技术发展的烧结新方法（SPS Plus，SHS Plus），从烧结机理和实际应用的角度总结了特种陶瓷材料快速烧结新技术的发展。研究表明快速烧结新方法在快速制备、陶瓷连接、梯度和纳米陶瓷制备方面有独特的技术优势。

Abstract:: As one of the most important engineering materials, advanced ceramics can be widely used in industry. Traditional sintering methods usually lead to the undesirable grain growth which results in degradation of the mechanical properties. In addition, both time and energy consumption is not good for green and sustainable development. Fast sintering technologies provide a new route to solve this problem. With the help of fast sintering new methods, the advanced ceramics can be well prepared in low temperature with short time. The consumption of energy and time has a considerable reduction. The suppression effect of fast sintering technologies on grain growth improves the properties as well. This review paper represents recent mechanisms study and experimental work of fast sintering technologies, mainly focusing on spark plasma sintering, selfpropagating hightemperature synthesis, and some new technologies based on the two methods. It is indicated that fast sintering new technologies have unique advantages in rapid fabrication, ceramics joining, functional graded materials and nanoceramics preparation.