去合金化制备孔径可控纳米多孔金属研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Research Progress on Preparation of Nanoporous Metals with Tunable Pore Structure by Dealloying

Author(s):: FANG Xiumei; LIAN Lixian; GAO Xi; WU Kaixia; (Jincheng College of Sichuan University, Chengdu 611731, China)

Keywords:: dealloying; size effect; nanoporous; tunable pore structure; post-dealloying treatment

摘要:: 纳米多孔金属具有三维连通、双连续的纳米级孔结构，使其具有超高比表面积、高强度、低密度等独特理化性能，在力学、催化、传感、拉曼散射等领域具有广阔的应用前景，而且纳米多孔金属的性能表现出一定的尺寸效应，因此研究孔结构调控对纳米多孔金属的实际应用具有重要意义。目前，去合金化制备孔径可控的纳米多孔金属主要集中在调节去合金化工艺（腐蚀方式、腐蚀温度、腐蚀电解质、腐蚀添加剂等）和去合金化后处理过程（热处理粗化、溶液浸泡）两方面，探索纳米多孔金属在不同工艺条件下孔结构的成孔机制、孔结构演变规律为制备孔结构呈特征规律分布（如梯度分布、分级分布、均匀分布）的纳米多孔金属块材或薄膜奠定了夯实的基础。

Abstract:: Nanoporous metals(NPMs) prepared through dealloying with three-dimensional continuous nanopores, have shown high potential on catalysis, sensing and surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS), in which field NPMs exhibit special size effect. To tune their properties and meet the requirements for various applications, microstructural regulation is a crucial issue for the development of nanoporous metals. At present, the microstructural regulation of nanoporous metals can be achieved by controlling over the dealloying parameters (such as corrosion method, corrosion temperature, corrosion electrolyte, and corrosion additive, etc) and post-dealloying treatment (annealing-induced coarsening, solution soaking). Exploring the formation mechanism and evolution law of nanoporous structure under different process conditions lays a solid foundation for preparation of bulk NPMs or thin films, which present the regularity of distribution in structure, such as gradient distribution, hierarchical distribution and uniform distribution.