钴/碳纳米纤维复合材料的制备及吸波性能研究-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Preparation of Co/Carbon Nanofiber Composites and Study on their Microwave Absorption Properties

Author(s):: WEI Wuchao; LIANG Liangliang; ZHANG Ziqiang; LIU Qinglei; (The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai 200240，China)

Keywords:: bacterial cellulose; carbon nanofiber; Co nanoparticle; Carbothermal reduction; microwave absorption

摘要:: 现代电子产业的不断发展，对吸波材料提出了“薄、宽、轻、强”的综合要求。开发出一种轻质高效、制备工艺简单、成本低廉的新型复合碳基吸波材料具有重要的理论意义和应用价值。以来源丰富的可再生资源——细菌纤维素（BC）为碳源，利用其表面丰富的含氧官能团吸附Co2+，再经冷冻干燥与一步碳热还原制备出钴/碳纳米纤维复合材料。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、Ｘ射线衍射仪（XRD）、拉曼光谱仪（Raman）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）、振动样品磁强计（VSM）和矢量网络分析仪（VNA）等对钴/碳纳米纤维复合材料的微观结构、物相成份、磁性能和电磁参数进行表征，并通过反射率计算对其微波吸收性能进行研究。研究结果表明，当碳化温度为700 ℃时，该纳米纤维复合材料与石蜡混合物在低负载（质量分数为~3%）、薄厚度（4.5 mm）下的反射损耗为-43.6 dB。

Abstract:: With the development of electronics industry, microwave absorbing materials with comprehensive characters of“thin, wide, light and strong” are highly expected. It is theoretically and practically important to develop a new type of carbon-based absorbing composite material with light weight, high efficiency, simple preparation process and low cost. Here, as a naturally rich and renewable resource， bacterial cellulose (BC), whose surface is rich in oxygen-containing groups for capturing Co2+, is used as a carbon precursor to prepare Co/carbon nanofiber composite by freeze-drying and one-step carbothermal reduction. is used as a carbon precursor to prepare Co/carbon nanofiber composite by freezedrying and one-step carbothermal reduction. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), vibration sample magnetometer (VSM) and vector network analyzer (VNA) etc. are used to characterize the microstructure, phase composition, magnetic properties and electromagnetic parameters of the Co/carbon nanofiber composites, and the reflection loss is calculated to study the microwave absorption performance. At the carbonization temperature of 700 ℃, the Co/C/parafin sample with a thickness of 4.5 mm and a low mass loading of ~3% has a minimum reflection loss of -43.6 dB.