常见金属元素对人体的作用及危害-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

作者:: 李争显1; 2; 李伟2; LEI Jiajun3; LI Qianyu4; 刘林涛1; 周廉1; （1. 西北有色金属研究院，陕西西安 710016）（2. 西安建筑科技大学，陕西西安 710055）（3. University of Florida, Florida Gainesville 32611, USA）（4. Arizona State University, Arizona Tempe 85281,USA）

Author(s):: LI Zhengxian1; 2; LI Wei2; LEI Jiajun3; LI Qianyu4; LIU Lintao1; ZHOU Lian1; (1. Northwest Institute for Non-ferrous Metal Research, Xi’an 710016, China) (2. Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China) (3. University of Florida, Gainesville 32611, USA) (4. Arizona State University, Tempe 85281,USA）

摘要:: 金属元素与人类生活息息相关，金属的应用推动了人类生活的发展，同时也给人体带来一些副作用。金属元素中有的是人体必需元素，有的则是非必需元素，必需元素在人体内的平衡被打破（缺失、过量），也会对人体健康产生不利影响；而非必需元素，特别是一些重金属元素往往对人体有毒性，甚至会产生致癌作用。综述了铅、汞、镉、铬、铝、铜、镍、锌、铁、钴、钛、钡、锰13种金属对环境和人类健康的影响，介绍了金属元素的来源和人类摄入金属元素的方式。进一步阐述了金属元素的毒性机制，如刺激细胞氧化应激、抑制DNA表达、诱发突变导致癌细胞的产生和增殖等，旨在通过阐明金属元素与人体健康之间的关系，加强人类对金属元素的自我防范意识。

Abstract:: Metal elements are closely related to human life. The applications of metals promote the development of human life, and also bring some side effects to our human body. In our daily life, some metal elements are essential elements for the human body, but others are not. The intake of nonessential elements, especially some heavy metal elements which are often toxic to the human body, may cause diseases or even carcinogenesis. While, the broken balance of essential elements (missing, excessive) also have adverse effects on human health. In this study, the effects of 13 metal elements, including lead, mercury, cadmium, chromium, aluminum, copper, nickel, zinc, iron, cobalt, titanium, barium, manganese, on the environment and human health are reported. Furthermore, the toxic mechanism of metal elements, such as stimulating oxidative stress of cells, inhibiting DNA expression, inducing mutations, and leading to the generation and reproduction of cancer cells, are further expounded. The aim is to elucidate the relationship between metal elements and human health, and strengthen the human self-defense awareness on metal elements.