重型燃气轮机高温叶片热障涂层烧结问题研究进展-中国材料进展

文章信息/Info

Title:: Advances on the Sintering of Thermal Barrier Coatings for High Temperature Blade of Industrial Gas Turbines

Author(s):: LV Bowen; JIANG Peng; LI Dingjun; WANG Tiejun; (State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures, School of Aerospace Engineering, Xi‘an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)

Keywords:: industrial gas turbine; high temperature blade; thermal barrier coating; sintering; modeling

摘要:: 燃气轮机是清洁高效火电能源系统的核心动力装备，对保障国家能源安全和国防安全具有重要意义。燃气轮机技术等级的主要标志是透平前燃气温度水平，目前国际先进重型燃气轮机的已达到1500~1600 ℃，这对燃气轮机高温叶片设计与制造提出了严峻挑战。为此，科技人员提出了多种应对方案，相对而言，热障涂层制造成本较低，隔热效果显著，是国际公认的重型燃气轮机制造的关键核心技术之一。在长期高温服役环境下，热障涂层系统的陶瓷隔热层会发生显著的烧结现象，从而引起涂层微结构、力学、热学性能的变化，严重影响涂层的热障效果和安全服役。可见，陶瓷层烧结是制约热障涂层长期服役稳定性与寿命的瓶颈之一。介绍了重型燃气轮机热障涂层烧结问题的最新研究进展，包括烧结现象及其表征、烧结力学模型及其行为预测、抗烧结涂层的设计及其验证、抗烧结参数及评价方法等，并对未来研究方向进行了展望。

Abstract:: Gas turbine is the key technical equipment in the clean and efficient thermal power energy system, which is of great significance to ensure national energy security and national defense security. As the main technical parameter of gas turbine, the turbine inlet temperature has reached 1500~1600 ℃, which poses a severe challenge to the design and manufacture of high temperature blade of gas turbine. Therefore, a variety of technologies were used to improve the performance of blades, such as the directional/single crystal forming technology of superalloy blade, film cooling technology and thermal barrier coating (TBC) technology. Moreover, the TBC technology has attracted great attention due to low cost and a remarkable thermal insulation effect. However, sintering occurs in the ceramic insulation layer during the long-term service of TBC system in high temperature environment, which affects the thermal barrier effect and safety of the coating. Therefore, restraining the sintering phenomenon is the key technology to improve the service stability and life of TBC. Based on the above background, the research progress on the TBC sintering was introduced on emphasis, including the sintering phenomenon and characterization, mechanics models for sintering, structure design of sintering resistant TBC and the sintering resistance evaluation. Finally, the future prospect and development directions of TBC technology were forecasted.